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Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam

BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem that affects one-third of all women. The present study aims to develop and determine the validity of a screening instrument for the detection of IPV in pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam and to determine the minimum number of questi...

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Autores principales: Rasch, Vibeke, Van, Toan Ngo, Nguyen, Hanh Thi Thuy, Manongi, Rachel, Mushi, Declare, Meyrowitsch, Dan W., Gammeltoft, Tine, Wu, Chun Sen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5794062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29389954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190856
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author Rasch, Vibeke
Van, Toan Ngo
Nguyen, Hanh Thi Thuy
Manongi, Rachel
Mushi, Declare
Meyrowitsch, Dan W.
Gammeltoft, Tine
Wu, Chun Sen
author_facet Rasch, Vibeke
Van, Toan Ngo
Nguyen, Hanh Thi Thuy
Manongi, Rachel
Mushi, Declare
Meyrowitsch, Dan W.
Gammeltoft, Tine
Wu, Chun Sen
author_sort Rasch, Vibeke
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem that affects one-third of all women. The present study aims to develop and determine the validity of a screening instrument for the detection of IPV in pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam and to determine the minimum number of questions needed to identify IPV. METHOD: An IPV screening instrument based on eight questions was tested on 1,116 Tanzanian and 1,309 Vietnamese women who attended antenatal care before 24 gestational weeks. The women were re-interviewed during their 30(th)-34(th) gestational week where the World Health Organization (WHO) IPV questionnaire was used as the gold standard. In all, 255 combinations of eight different questions were first tested on the Tanzanian study population where sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated. In the evaluation of the performance of the question combinations, different IPV types and the frequency of abusive acts were considered. The question combinations that performed best in Tanzania were subsequently evaluated in the Vietnamese study population. RESULTS: In Tanzania, a combination of three selected questions including one question on emotional IPV, one on physical IPV and one on sexual IPV was found to be most effective in identifying women who are exposed to at least one type of IPV during pregnancy (sensitivity = .80; specificity = .74). The performance of the identified combination was slightly less effective in Vietnam (sensitivity = .74; specificity = .68). Focusing on different IPV types, the best performance was found for exposure to physical IPV in both Tanzania (sensitivity = .93; specificity = .70) and Vietnam (sensitivity = .96; specificity = .55). In both countries, the sensitivity increased with the frequency of abuse whereas the specificity decreased. CONCLUSION: By asking pregnant women three simple questions we were able to identify women who were exposed to IPV during pregnancy in two different countries. The question combination performed best in assessing physical IPV where it identified 93% and 96% of Vietnamese and Tanzanian women, respectively, who were exposed to physical IPV.
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spelling pubmed-57940622018-02-09 Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam Rasch, Vibeke Van, Toan Ngo Nguyen, Hanh Thi Thuy Manongi, Rachel Mushi, Declare Meyrowitsch, Dan W. Gammeltoft, Tine Wu, Chun Sen PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global problem that affects one-third of all women. The present study aims to develop and determine the validity of a screening instrument for the detection of IPV in pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam and to determine the minimum number of questions needed to identify IPV. METHOD: An IPV screening instrument based on eight questions was tested on 1,116 Tanzanian and 1,309 Vietnamese women who attended antenatal care before 24 gestational weeks. The women were re-interviewed during their 30(th)-34(th) gestational week where the World Health Organization (WHO) IPV questionnaire was used as the gold standard. In all, 255 combinations of eight different questions were first tested on the Tanzanian study population where sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were calculated. In the evaluation of the performance of the question combinations, different IPV types and the frequency of abusive acts were considered. The question combinations that performed best in Tanzania were subsequently evaluated in the Vietnamese study population. RESULTS: In Tanzania, a combination of three selected questions including one question on emotional IPV, one on physical IPV and one on sexual IPV was found to be most effective in identifying women who are exposed to at least one type of IPV during pregnancy (sensitivity = .80; specificity = .74). The performance of the identified combination was slightly less effective in Vietnam (sensitivity = .74; specificity = .68). Focusing on different IPV types, the best performance was found for exposure to physical IPV in both Tanzania (sensitivity = .93; specificity = .70) and Vietnam (sensitivity = .96; specificity = .55). In both countries, the sensitivity increased with the frequency of abuse whereas the specificity decreased. CONCLUSION: By asking pregnant women three simple questions we were able to identify women who were exposed to IPV during pregnancy in two different countries. The question combination performed best in assessing physical IPV where it identified 93% and 96% of Vietnamese and Tanzanian women, respectively, who were exposed to physical IPV. Public Library of Science 2018-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5794062/ /pubmed/29389954 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190856 Text en © 2018 Rasch et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rasch, Vibeke
Van, Toan Ngo
Nguyen, Hanh Thi Thuy
Manongi, Rachel
Mushi, Declare
Meyrowitsch, Dan W.
Gammeltoft, Tine
Wu, Chun Sen
Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title_full Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title_fullStr Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title_short Intimate partner violence (IPV): The validity of an IPV screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in Tanzania and Vietnam
title_sort intimate partner violence (ipv): the validity of an ipv screening instrument utilized among pregnant women in tanzania and vietnam
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5794062/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29389954
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0190856
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