The Discoloration effect of White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (WMTA), Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM), and Portland Cement (PC) on Human Teeth

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the discoloration induced by CEM cement, Portland cement (PC) and MTA mixed with propylene glycol (MTA-PG) in comparison to White MTA. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety extracted premolar and canine teeth were resected 2 mm below the CEJ. The coronal part of crown was prepared with peeso reamer and Gates-Glidden drills, and the specimens were randomly divided into 4 experimental (n=20) and one control (n=10) groups. The tooth crowns in experimental groups 1 to 4 were filled with White MTA, PC, CEM cement and MTA-PG, respectively; and in group 5, the teeth were kept empty. After incubation, digital photographs of teeth were acquired at 4 time points (before, immediately after placing the materials, 3 and 6 months afterwards). Images were transferred to Adobe Photoshop CS4 and CIE L*a*b color space was used for tooth shade assessment. One-Way ANOVA and One-Sample t-test were used to compare discoloration of teeth between groups. RESULTS: Significant statistical discoloration was only observed in the cervical one third of all groups at each time points (except between 3 and 6 months). Tooth discoloration was greatest in PC and lower in MTA and MTA-PG at the end of 6 months. The tooth discoloration between immediately and 3 months after placing the materials had significant difference only between MTA and PC; and also the tooth discoloration between immediately and 6 months after placing the materials was observed only between PC and MTA, and PC and MTA-PG. CONCLUSIONS: All of the experimental biomaterials caused tooth discoloration after 6 months, of those, PC had the most and MTA and MTA-PG had the least discoloration effect. Key words:Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Calcium enriched mixture (CEM). Propylene glycol. Portland cement.