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A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies

Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), an emerging zoonosis that has been associated with economic losses and social effects. Despite increasing reports of BV outbreaks in Brazil, little is known about the biological interactions of Brazilian VACV (VACV-BR) isolates...

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Autores principales: Calixto, Rafael, Oliveira, Graziele, Lima, Maurício, Andrade, Ana Cláudia, Trindade, Giliane de Souza, de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas, Kroon, Erna Geessien
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5795428/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29301202
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10010015
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author Calixto, Rafael
Oliveira, Graziele
Lima, Maurício
Andrade, Ana Cláudia
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Kroon, Erna Geessien
author_facet Calixto, Rafael
Oliveira, Graziele
Lima, Maurício
Andrade, Ana Cláudia
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Kroon, Erna Geessien
author_sort Calixto, Rafael
collection PubMed
description Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), an emerging zoonosis that has been associated with economic losses and social effects. Despite increasing reports of BV outbreaks in Brazil, little is known about the biological interactions of Brazilian VACV (VACV-BR) isolates during coinfections; furthermore, there are no tools for the diagnosis of these coinfections. In this study, a tool to co-detect two variants of VACV was developed to provide new information regarding the pathogenesis, virulence profile, and viral spread during coinfection with VACV-BR isolates. To test the quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) tool, groups of BALB/c mice were intranasally monoinfected with Pelotas virus 1—Group II (PV1-GII) and Pelotas virus 2—Group I (PV2-GI), or were coinfected with PV1-GII and PV2-GI. Clinical signs of the mice were evaluated and the viral load in lung and spleen were detected using simultaneous polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the A56R (hemagglutinin) gene of VACV. The results showed that qPCR for the quantification of viral load in coinfection was efficient and highly sensitive. Coinfected mice presented more severe disease and a higher frequency of VACV detection in lung and spleen, when compared to monoinfected groups. This study is the first description of PV1 and PV2 pathogenicity during coinfection in mice, and provides a new method to detect VACV-BR coinfections.
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spelling pubmed-57954282018-02-09 A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies Calixto, Rafael Oliveira, Graziele Lima, Maurício Andrade, Ana Cláudia Trindade, Giliane de Souza de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas Kroon, Erna Geessien Viruses Article Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiological agent of bovine vaccinia (BV), an emerging zoonosis that has been associated with economic losses and social effects. Despite increasing reports of BV outbreaks in Brazil, little is known about the biological interactions of Brazilian VACV (VACV-BR) isolates during coinfections; furthermore, there are no tools for the diagnosis of these coinfections. In this study, a tool to co-detect two variants of VACV was developed to provide new information regarding the pathogenesis, virulence profile, and viral spread during coinfection with VACV-BR isolates. To test the quantitative polymerase chain reactions (qPCR) tool, groups of BALB/c mice were intranasally monoinfected with Pelotas virus 1—Group II (PV1-GII) and Pelotas virus 2—Group I (PV2-GI), or were coinfected with PV1-GII and PV2-GI. Clinical signs of the mice were evaluated and the viral load in lung and spleen were detected using simultaneous polymerase chain reactions (PCR) targeting the A56R (hemagglutinin) gene of VACV. The results showed that qPCR for the quantification of viral load in coinfection was efficient and highly sensitive. Coinfected mice presented more severe disease and a higher frequency of VACV detection in lung and spleen, when compared to monoinfected groups. This study is the first description of PV1 and PV2 pathogenicity during coinfection in mice, and provides a new method to detect VACV-BR coinfections. MDPI 2017-12-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5795428/ /pubmed/29301202 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10010015 Text en © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Calixto, Rafael
Oliveira, Graziele
Lima, Maurício
Andrade, Ana Cláudia
Trindade, Giliane de Souza
de Oliveira, Danilo Bretas
Kroon, Erna Geessien
A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title_full A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title_fullStr A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title_full_unstemmed A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title_short A Model to Detect Autochthonous Group 1 and 2 Brazilian Vaccinia virus Coinfections: Development of a qPCR Tool for Diagnosis and Pathogenesis Studies
title_sort model to detect autochthonous group 1 and 2 brazilian vaccinia virus coinfections: development of a qpcr tool for diagnosis and pathogenesis studies
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5795428/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29301202
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10010015
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