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Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene
The Mustn1 gene encodes a small nuclear protein (~9.6 kDa) that does not belong to any known family. Its genomic organization consists of three exons interspersed by two introns and it is highly homologous across vertebrate species. Promoter analyses revealed that its expression is regulated by the...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2018
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796155/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29329193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010206 |
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author | Hadjiargyrou, Michael |
author_facet | Hadjiargyrou, Michael |
author_sort | Hadjiargyrou, Michael |
collection | PubMed |
description | The Mustn1 gene encodes a small nuclear protein (~9.6 kDa) that does not belong to any known family. Its genomic organization consists of three exons interspersed by two introns and it is highly homologous across vertebrate species. Promoter analyses revealed that its expression is regulated by the AP family of transcription factors, especially c-Fos, Fra-2 and JunD. Mustn1 is predominantly expressed in the major tissues of the musculoskeletal system: bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle and tendon. Its expression has been associated with normal embryonic development, postnatal growth, exercise, and regeneration of bone and skeletal muscle. Moreover, its expression has also been detected in various musculoskeletal pathologies, including arthritis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, other skeletal muscle myopathies, clubfoot and diabetes associated muscle pathology. In vitro and in vivo functional perturbation revealed that Mustn1 is a key regulatory molecule in myogenic and chondrogenic lineages. This comprehensive review summarizes our current knowledge of Mustn1 and proposes that it is a new developmentally regulated pan-musculoskeletal marker as well as a key regulatory protein for cell differentiation and tissue growth. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5796155 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57961552018-02-09 Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene Hadjiargyrou, Michael Int J Mol Sci Review The Mustn1 gene encodes a small nuclear protein (~9.6 kDa) that does not belong to any known family. Its genomic organization consists of three exons interspersed by two introns and it is highly homologous across vertebrate species. Promoter analyses revealed that its expression is regulated by the AP family of transcription factors, especially c-Fos, Fra-2 and JunD. Mustn1 is predominantly expressed in the major tissues of the musculoskeletal system: bone, cartilage, skeletal muscle and tendon. Its expression has been associated with normal embryonic development, postnatal growth, exercise, and regeneration of bone and skeletal muscle. Moreover, its expression has also been detected in various musculoskeletal pathologies, including arthritis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, other skeletal muscle myopathies, clubfoot and diabetes associated muscle pathology. In vitro and in vivo functional perturbation revealed that Mustn1 is a key regulatory molecule in myogenic and chondrogenic lineages. This comprehensive review summarizes our current knowledge of Mustn1 and proposes that it is a new developmentally regulated pan-musculoskeletal marker as well as a key regulatory protein for cell differentiation and tissue growth. MDPI 2018-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5796155/ /pubmed/29329193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010206 Text en © 2018 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Hadjiargyrou, Michael Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title | Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title_full | Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title_fullStr | Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title_full_unstemmed | Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title_short | Mustn1: A Developmentally Regulated Pan-Musculoskeletal Cell Marker and Regulatory Gene |
title_sort | mustn1: a developmentally regulated pan-musculoskeletal cell marker and regulatory gene |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796155/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29329193 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19010206 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT hadjiargyroumichael mustn1adevelopmentallyregulatedpanmusculoskeletalcellmarkerandregulatorygene |