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Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton

Expression of insecticidal protein in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is lower in cotton reproduction organs, especially during boll development period. The current study investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilization under nitrogen deficit on boll development and Bt toxin content in boll...

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Autores principales: Chen, Yuan, Li, Yabing, Zhou, Mingyuan, Rui, Qiuzhi, Cai, Zezhou, Zhang, Xiang, Chen, Dehua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797636/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29441082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00051
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author Chen, Yuan
Li, Yabing
Zhou, Mingyuan
Rui, Qiuzhi
Cai, Zezhou
Zhang, Xiang
Chen, Yuan
Chen, Dehua
author_facet Chen, Yuan
Li, Yabing
Zhou, Mingyuan
Rui, Qiuzhi
Cai, Zezhou
Zhang, Xiang
Chen, Yuan
Chen, Dehua
author_sort Chen, Yuan
collection PubMed
description Expression of insecticidal protein in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is lower in cotton reproduction organs, especially during boll development period. The current study investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilization under nitrogen deficit on boll development and Bt toxin content in boll shell, which is the first target of boll worm harm. The protein synthesis and degradation in this process was also studied to uncover the underlying mechanism. Five nitrogen levels (under nitrogen deficiency) were imposed on two cultivars, Sikang3 (hybrid) and Sikang1 (conventional), at the Yangzhou University Farm, Yangzhou, China during 2015 to 2016 cotton growth seasons. Under nitrogen deficiency, enhanced nitrogen dose increased the boll number per plant, boll volume, boll weight, boll shell amino acid content, protease, and peptidase activities, but reduced boll shell Bt protein content, soluble protein content, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) activities. There was a significant negative correlation between boll growth and boll shell insecticidal protein content under nitrogen deficiency, which was a result of uneven distribution of nitrogen in cotton bolls. Under increased nitrogen application, most nitrogen was transported and assimilated in boll seed instead of boll shell in developing cotton bolls, which resulted in decreased protein synthesis and increased protein degradation, and thus declined Bt protein content in boll shell.
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spelling pubmed-57976362018-02-13 Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton Chen, Yuan Li, Yabing Zhou, Mingyuan Rui, Qiuzhi Cai, Zezhou Zhang, Xiang Chen, Yuan Chen, Dehua Front Plant Sci Plant Science Expression of insecticidal protein in transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is lower in cotton reproduction organs, especially during boll development period. The current study investigated the effects of nitrogen fertilization under nitrogen deficit on boll development and Bt toxin content in boll shell, which is the first target of boll worm harm. The protein synthesis and degradation in this process was also studied to uncover the underlying mechanism. Five nitrogen levels (under nitrogen deficiency) were imposed on two cultivars, Sikang3 (hybrid) and Sikang1 (conventional), at the Yangzhou University Farm, Yangzhou, China during 2015 to 2016 cotton growth seasons. Under nitrogen deficiency, enhanced nitrogen dose increased the boll number per plant, boll volume, boll weight, boll shell amino acid content, protease, and peptidase activities, but reduced boll shell Bt protein content, soluble protein content, glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) activities. There was a significant negative correlation between boll growth and boll shell insecticidal protein content under nitrogen deficiency, which was a result of uneven distribution of nitrogen in cotton bolls. Under increased nitrogen application, most nitrogen was transported and assimilated in boll seed instead of boll shell in developing cotton bolls, which resulted in decreased protein synthesis and increased protein degradation, and thus declined Bt protein content in boll shell. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5797636/ /pubmed/29441082 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00051 Text en Copyright © 2018 Chen, Li, Zhou, Rui, Cai, Zhang, Chen and Chen. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Chen, Yuan
Li, Yabing
Zhou, Mingyuan
Rui, Qiuzhi
Cai, Zezhou
Zhang, Xiang
Chen, Yuan
Chen, Dehua
Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title_full Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title_fullStr Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title_full_unstemmed Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title_short Nitrogen (N) Application Gradually Enhances Boll Development and Decreases Boll Shell Insecticidal Protein Content in N-Deficient Cotton
title_sort nitrogen (n) application gradually enhances boll development and decreases boll shell insecticidal protein content in n-deficient cotton
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797636/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29441082
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00051
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