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Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease

Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been challenging as current biomarkers are invasive and costly. Strong predictors of future AD diagnosis include lower volume of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, as well as the ɛ4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) gene. Therefore, studyi...

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Autores principales: Konishi, Kyoko, Joober, Ridha, Poirier, Judes, MacDonald, Kathleen, Chakravarty, Mallar, Patel, Raihaan, Breitner, John, Bohbot, Véronique D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: IOS Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5798531/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29278888
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170540
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author Konishi, Kyoko
Joober, Ridha
Poirier, Judes
MacDonald, Kathleen
Chakravarty, Mallar
Patel, Raihaan
Breitner, John
Bohbot, Véronique D.
author_facet Konishi, Kyoko
Joober, Ridha
Poirier, Judes
MacDonald, Kathleen
Chakravarty, Mallar
Patel, Raihaan
Breitner, John
Bohbot, Véronique D.
author_sort Konishi, Kyoko
collection PubMed
description Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been challenging as current biomarkers are invasive and costly. Strong predictors of future AD diagnosis include lower volume of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, as well as the ɛ4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) gene. Therefore, studying functions that are critically mediated by the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, such as spatial memory, in APOE ɛ4 allele carriers, may be key to the identification of individuals at risk of AD, prior to the manifestation of cognitive impairments. Using a virtual navigation task developed in-house, specifically designed to assess spatial versus non-spatial strategies, the current study is the first to differentiate functional and structural differences within APOE ɛ4 allele carriers. APOE ɛ4 allele carriers that predominantly use non-spatial strategies have decreased fMRI activity in the hippocampus and increased atrophy in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and fimbria compared to APOE ɛ4 allele carriers who use spatial strategies. In contrast, APOE ɛ4 allele carriers who use spatial strategies have grey matter levels comparable to non-APOE ɛ4 allele carriers. Furthermore, in a leave-one-out analysis, grey matter in the entorhinal cortex could predict navigational strategy with 92% accuracy.
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spelling pubmed-57985312018-02-08 Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease Konishi, Kyoko Joober, Ridha Poirier, Judes MacDonald, Kathleen Chakravarty, Mallar Patel, Raihaan Breitner, John Bohbot, Véronique D. J Alzheimers Dis Research Article Early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been challenging as current biomarkers are invasive and costly. Strong predictors of future AD diagnosis include lower volume of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, as well as the ɛ4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) gene. Therefore, studying functions that are critically mediated by the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, such as spatial memory, in APOE ɛ4 allele carriers, may be key to the identification of individuals at risk of AD, prior to the manifestation of cognitive impairments. Using a virtual navigation task developed in-house, specifically designed to assess spatial versus non-spatial strategies, the current study is the first to differentiate functional and structural differences within APOE ɛ4 allele carriers. APOE ɛ4 allele carriers that predominantly use non-spatial strategies have decreased fMRI activity in the hippocampus and increased atrophy in the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and fimbria compared to APOE ɛ4 allele carriers who use spatial strategies. In contrast, APOE ɛ4 allele carriers who use spatial strategies have grey matter levels comparable to non-APOE ɛ4 allele carriers. Furthermore, in a leave-one-out analysis, grey matter in the entorhinal cortex could predict navigational strategy with 92% accuracy. IOS Press 2018-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5798531/ /pubmed/29278888 http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170540 Text en © 2018 – IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Konishi, Kyoko
Joober, Ridha
Poirier, Judes
MacDonald, Kathleen
Chakravarty, Mallar
Patel, Raihaan
Breitner, John
Bohbot, Véronique D.
Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title_fullStr Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title_short Healthy versus Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Identification in Asymptomatic APOE4 Carriers at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease
title_sort healthy versus entorhinal cortical atrophy identification in asymptomatic apoe4 carriers at risk for alzheimer’s disease
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5798531/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29278888
http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/JAD-170540
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