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The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species
BACKGROUND: Grasslands are one of the most representative vegetation types accounting for about 20% of the global land area and thus the response of grasslands to climate change plays a pivotal role in terrestrial carbon balance. However, many current climate change models, based on earlier results...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5799915/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29402224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1243-3 |
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author | Zheng, Yunpu Li, Fei Hao, Lihua Shedayi, Arshad Ali Guo, Lili Ma, Chao Huang, Bingru Xu, Ming |
author_facet | Zheng, Yunpu Li, Fei Hao, Lihua Shedayi, Arshad Ali Guo, Lili Ma, Chao Huang, Bingru Xu, Ming |
author_sort | Zheng, Yunpu |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Grasslands are one of the most representative vegetation types accounting for about 20% of the global land area and thus the response of grasslands to climate change plays a pivotal role in terrestrial carbon balance. However, many current climate change models, based on earlier results of the doubling-CO(2) experiments, may overestimate the CO(2) fertilization effect, and as a result underestimate the potentially effects of future climate change on global grasslands when the atmospheric CO(2) concentration goes beyond the optimal level. Here, we examined the optimal atmospheric CO(2) concentration effect on CO(2) fertilization and further on the growth of three perennial grasses in growth chambers with the CO(2) concentration at 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm, respectively. RESULTS: All three perennial grasses featured an apparent optimal CO(2) concentration for growth. Initial increases in atmospheric CO(2) concentration substantially enhanced the plant biomass of the three perennial grasses through the CO(2) fertilization effect, but this CO(2) fertilization effect was dramatically compromised with further rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration beyond the optimum. The optimal CO(2) concentration for the growth of tall fescue was lower than those of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, and thus the CO(2) fertilization effect on tall fescue disappeared earlier than the other two species. By contrast, the weaker CO(2) fertilization effect on the growth of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass was sustained for a longer period due to their higher optimal CO(2) concentrations than tall fescue. The limiting effects of excessively high CO(2) concentrations may not only associate with changes in the biochemical and photochemical processes of photosynthesis, but also attribute to the declines in stomatal conductance and nitrogen availability. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found apparent differences in the optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three grasses. These results suggest that the growth of different types of grasses may respond differently to future elevated CO(2) concentrations through the CO(2) fertilization effect, and thus potentially alter the community composition and structure of grasslands. Meanwhile, our results may also be helpful for improving current process-based ecological models to more accurately predict the structure and function of grassland ecosystems under future rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration and climate change scenarios. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5799915 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-57999152018-02-13 The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species Zheng, Yunpu Li, Fei Hao, Lihua Shedayi, Arshad Ali Guo, Lili Ma, Chao Huang, Bingru Xu, Ming BMC Plant Biol Research Article BACKGROUND: Grasslands are one of the most representative vegetation types accounting for about 20% of the global land area and thus the response of grasslands to climate change plays a pivotal role in terrestrial carbon balance. However, many current climate change models, based on earlier results of the doubling-CO(2) experiments, may overestimate the CO(2) fertilization effect, and as a result underestimate the potentially effects of future climate change on global grasslands when the atmospheric CO(2) concentration goes beyond the optimal level. Here, we examined the optimal atmospheric CO(2) concentration effect on CO(2) fertilization and further on the growth of three perennial grasses in growth chambers with the CO(2) concentration at 400, 600, 800, 1000, and 1200 ppm, respectively. RESULTS: All three perennial grasses featured an apparent optimal CO(2) concentration for growth. Initial increases in atmospheric CO(2) concentration substantially enhanced the plant biomass of the three perennial grasses through the CO(2) fertilization effect, but this CO(2) fertilization effect was dramatically compromised with further rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration beyond the optimum. The optimal CO(2) concentration for the growth of tall fescue was lower than those of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, and thus the CO(2) fertilization effect on tall fescue disappeared earlier than the other two species. By contrast, the weaker CO(2) fertilization effect on the growth of perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass was sustained for a longer period due to their higher optimal CO(2) concentrations than tall fescue. The limiting effects of excessively high CO(2) concentrations may not only associate with changes in the biochemical and photochemical processes of photosynthesis, but also attribute to the declines in stomatal conductance and nitrogen availability. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we found apparent differences in the optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three grasses. These results suggest that the growth of different types of grasses may respond differently to future elevated CO(2) concentrations through the CO(2) fertilization effect, and thus potentially alter the community composition and structure of grasslands. Meanwhile, our results may also be helpful for improving current process-based ecological models to more accurately predict the structure and function of grassland ecosystems under future rising atmospheric CO(2) concentration and climate change scenarios. BioMed Central 2018-02-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5799915/ /pubmed/29402224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1243-3 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zheng, Yunpu Li, Fei Hao, Lihua Shedayi, Arshad Ali Guo, Lili Ma, Chao Huang, Bingru Xu, Ming The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title | The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title_full | The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title_fullStr | The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title_full_unstemmed | The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title_short | The optimal CO(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
title_sort | optimal co(2) concentrations for the growth of three perennial grass species |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5799915/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29402224 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1243-3 |
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