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West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany
By systematically setting up a unique nation-wide wild bird surveillance network, we monitored migratory and resident birds for zoonotic arthropod-borne virus infections, such as the flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV). More than 1900 wild bird blood samples, from 20 orders and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800270/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15010171 |
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author | Michel, Friederike Fischer, Dominik Eiden, Martin Fast, Christine Reuschel, Maximilian Müller, Kerstin Rinder, Monika Urbaniak, Sylvia Brandes, Florian Schwehn, Rebekka Lühken, Renke Groschup, Martin H. Ziegler, Ute |
author_facet | Michel, Friederike Fischer, Dominik Eiden, Martin Fast, Christine Reuschel, Maximilian Müller, Kerstin Rinder, Monika Urbaniak, Sylvia Brandes, Florian Schwehn, Rebekka Lühken, Renke Groschup, Martin H. Ziegler, Ute |
author_sort | Michel, Friederike |
collection | PubMed |
description | By systematically setting up a unique nation-wide wild bird surveillance network, we monitored migratory and resident birds for zoonotic arthropod-borne virus infections, such as the flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV). More than 1900 wild bird blood samples, from 20 orders and 136 different bird species, were collected between 2014 and 2016. Samples were investigated by WNV and USUV-specific real-time polymerase chain reactions as well as by differentiating virus neutralization tests. Dead bird surveillance data, obtained from organ investigations in 2016, were also included. WNV-specific RNA was not detected, whereas four wild bird blood samples tested positive for USUV-specific RNA. Additionally, 73 USUV-positive birds were detected in the 2016 dead bird surveillance. WNV neutralizing antibodies were predominantly found in long-distance, partial and short-distance migrants, while USUV neutralizing antibodies were mainly detected in resident wild bird species, preferentially with low seroprevalences. To date, WNV-specific RNA has neither been detected in wild birds, nor in mosquitoes, thus, we conclude that WNV is not yet present in Germany. Continued wild bird and mosquito monitoring studies are essential to detect the incursion of zoonotic viruses and to allow risk assessments for zoonotic pathogens. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5800270 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58002702018-02-06 West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany Michel, Friederike Fischer, Dominik Eiden, Martin Fast, Christine Reuschel, Maximilian Müller, Kerstin Rinder, Monika Urbaniak, Sylvia Brandes, Florian Schwehn, Rebekka Lühken, Renke Groschup, Martin H. Ziegler, Ute Int J Environ Res Public Health Article By systematically setting up a unique nation-wide wild bird surveillance network, we monitored migratory and resident birds for zoonotic arthropod-borne virus infections, such as the flaviviruses West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV). More than 1900 wild bird blood samples, from 20 orders and 136 different bird species, were collected between 2014 and 2016. Samples were investigated by WNV and USUV-specific real-time polymerase chain reactions as well as by differentiating virus neutralization tests. Dead bird surveillance data, obtained from organ investigations in 2016, were also included. WNV-specific RNA was not detected, whereas four wild bird blood samples tested positive for USUV-specific RNA. Additionally, 73 USUV-positive birds were detected in the 2016 dead bird surveillance. WNV neutralizing antibodies were predominantly found in long-distance, partial and short-distance migrants, while USUV neutralizing antibodies were mainly detected in resident wild bird species, preferentially with low seroprevalences. To date, WNV-specific RNA has neither been detected in wild birds, nor in mosquitoes, thus, we conclude that WNV is not yet present in Germany. Continued wild bird and mosquito monitoring studies are essential to detect the incursion of zoonotic viruses and to allow risk assessments for zoonotic pathogens. MDPI 2018-01-22 2018-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5800270/ /pubmed/29361762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15010171 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Michel, Friederike Fischer, Dominik Eiden, Martin Fast, Christine Reuschel, Maximilian Müller, Kerstin Rinder, Monika Urbaniak, Sylvia Brandes, Florian Schwehn, Rebekka Lühken, Renke Groschup, Martin H. Ziegler, Ute West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title | West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title_full | West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title_fullStr | West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title_full_unstemmed | West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title_short | West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Monitoring of Wild Birds in Germany |
title_sort | west nile virus and usutu virus monitoring of wild birds in germany |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800270/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29361762 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15010171 |
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