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Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800593/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29408903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192480 |
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author | Pál, Éva Hadjadj, Leila Fontányi, Zoltán Monori-Kiss, Anna Mezei, Zsuzsanna Lippai, Norbert Magyar, Attila Heinzlmann, Andrea Karvaly, Gellért Monos, Emil Nádasy, György Benyó, Zoltán Várbíró, Szabolcs |
author_facet | Pál, Éva Hadjadj, Leila Fontányi, Zoltán Monori-Kiss, Anna Mezei, Zsuzsanna Lippai, Norbert Magyar, Attila Heinzlmann, Andrea Karvaly, Gellért Monos, Emil Nádasy, György Benyó, Zoltán Várbíró, Szabolcs |
author_sort | Pál, Éva |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD on the morphological, biomechanical and functional properties of cerebral arterioles. METHODS: Four-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 11 per group) were either fed with vitamin D deficient diet or received conventional rat chow with per os vitamin D supplementation. Cardiovascular parameters and hormone levels (testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D) were measured during the study. After 8 weeks of treatment anterior cerebral artery segments were prepared and their morphological, biomechanical and functional properties were examined using pressure microangiometry. Resorcin-fuchsin and smooth muscle actin staining were used to detect elastic fiber density and smooth muscle cell counts in the vessel wall, respectively. Sections were immunostained for eNOS and COX-2 as well. RESULTS: VDD markedly increased the wall thickness, the wall-to-lumen ratio and the wall cross-sectional area of arterioles as well as the number of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media. As a consequence, tangential wall stress was significantly lower in the VDD group. In addition, VDD increased the myogenic as well as the uridine 5’-triphosphate-induced tone and impaired bradykinin-induced relaxation. Decreased eNOS and increased COX-2 expression were also observed in the endothelium of VDD animals. CONCLUSIONS: VDD causes inward hypertrophic remodeling due to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances the vessel tone probably because of increased vasoconstrictor prostanoid levels in young adult rats. In addition, the decreased eNOS expression results in endothelial dysfunction. These morphological and functional alterations can potentially compromise the cerebral circulation and lead to cerebrovascular disorders in VDD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5800593 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58005932018-02-23 Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles Pál, Éva Hadjadj, Leila Fontányi, Zoltán Monori-Kiss, Anna Mezei, Zsuzsanna Lippai, Norbert Magyar, Attila Heinzlmann, Andrea Karvaly, Gellért Monos, Emil Nádasy, György Benyó, Zoltán Várbíró, Szabolcs PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a global health problem, which can lead to several pathophysiological consequences including cardiovascular diseases. Its impact on the cerebrovascular system is not well understood. The goal of the present work was to examine the effects of VDD on the morphological, biomechanical and functional properties of cerebral arterioles. METHODS: Four-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 11 per group) were either fed with vitamin D deficient diet or received conventional rat chow with per os vitamin D supplementation. Cardiovascular parameters and hormone levels (testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D) were measured during the study. After 8 weeks of treatment anterior cerebral artery segments were prepared and their morphological, biomechanical and functional properties were examined using pressure microangiometry. Resorcin-fuchsin and smooth muscle actin staining were used to detect elastic fiber density and smooth muscle cell counts in the vessel wall, respectively. Sections were immunostained for eNOS and COX-2 as well. RESULTS: VDD markedly increased the wall thickness, the wall-to-lumen ratio and the wall cross-sectional area of arterioles as well as the number of smooth muscle cells in the tunica media. As a consequence, tangential wall stress was significantly lower in the VDD group. In addition, VDD increased the myogenic as well as the uridine 5’-triphosphate-induced tone and impaired bradykinin-induced relaxation. Decreased eNOS and increased COX-2 expression were also observed in the endothelium of VDD animals. CONCLUSIONS: VDD causes inward hypertrophic remodeling due to vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and enhances the vessel tone probably because of increased vasoconstrictor prostanoid levels in young adult rats. In addition, the decreased eNOS expression results in endothelial dysfunction. These morphological and functional alterations can potentially compromise the cerebral circulation and lead to cerebrovascular disorders in VDD. Public Library of Science 2018-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5800593/ /pubmed/29408903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192480 Text en © 2018 Pál et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Pál, Éva Hadjadj, Leila Fontányi, Zoltán Monori-Kiss, Anna Mezei, Zsuzsanna Lippai, Norbert Magyar, Attila Heinzlmann, Andrea Karvaly, Gellért Monos, Emil Nádasy, György Benyó, Zoltán Várbíró, Szabolcs Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title | Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title_full | Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title_fullStr | Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title_short | Vitamin D deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
title_sort | vitamin d deficiency causes inward hypertrophic remodeling and alters vascular reactivity of rat cerebral arterioles |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5800593/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29408903 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192480 |
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