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Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument
BACKGROUND: Immersion is important for simulation-based education; however, questionnaire-based instruments to measure immersion have some limitations. The aim of the present work is to develop a new instrument to measure immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. METHODS: The...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2016
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5806227/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29449986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-016-0018-x |
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author | Hagiwara, Magnus Andersson Backlund, Per Söderholm, Hanna Maurin Lundberg, Lars Lebram, Mikael Engström, Henrik |
author_facet | Hagiwara, Magnus Andersson Backlund, Per Söderholm, Hanna Maurin Lundberg, Lars Lebram, Mikael Engström, Henrik |
author_sort | Hagiwara, Magnus Andersson |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Immersion is important for simulation-based education; however, questionnaire-based instruments to measure immersion have some limitations. The aim of the present work is to develop a new instrument to measure immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. METHODS: The instrument was developed in four phases: trigger identification, content validity scores, inter-rater reliability analysis and comparison with an existing immersion measure instrument. A modified Delphi process was used to develop the instrument and to establish validity and reliability. The expert panel consisted of 10 researchers. All the researchers in the team had previous experience of simulation in the health and/or fire and rescue services as researchers and/or educators and simulation designers. To identify triggers, the panel members independently screened video recordings from simulation scenarios. Here, a trigger is an event in a simulation that is considered a sign of reduced or enhanced immersion among simulation participants. RESULTS: The result consists of the Immersion Score Rating Instrument (ISRI). It contains 10 triggers, of which seven indicate reduced and three enhanced immersion. When using ISRI, a rater identifies trigger occurrences and assigns them strength between 1 and 3. The content validity analysis shows that all the 10 triggers meet an acceptable content validity index for items (I-CVI) standard. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) among raters was assessed using a two-way mixed, consistency, average-measures intra-class correlation (ICC). The ICC for the difference between weighted positive and negative triggers was 0.92, which indicates that the raters are in agreement. Comparison with results from an immersion questionnaire mirrors the ISRI results. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we present a novel and non-intrusive instrument for identifying and rating the level of immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41077-016-0018-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5806227 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2016 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58062272018-02-15 Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument Hagiwara, Magnus Andersson Backlund, Per Söderholm, Hanna Maurin Lundberg, Lars Lebram, Mikael Engström, Henrik Adv Simul (Lond) Research BACKGROUND: Immersion is important for simulation-based education; however, questionnaire-based instruments to measure immersion have some limitations. The aim of the present work is to develop a new instrument to measure immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. METHODS: The instrument was developed in four phases: trigger identification, content validity scores, inter-rater reliability analysis and comparison with an existing immersion measure instrument. A modified Delphi process was used to develop the instrument and to establish validity and reliability. The expert panel consisted of 10 researchers. All the researchers in the team had previous experience of simulation in the health and/or fire and rescue services as researchers and/or educators and simulation designers. To identify triggers, the panel members independently screened video recordings from simulation scenarios. Here, a trigger is an event in a simulation that is considered a sign of reduced or enhanced immersion among simulation participants. RESULTS: The result consists of the Immersion Score Rating Instrument (ISRI). It contains 10 triggers, of which seven indicate reduced and three enhanced immersion. When using ISRI, a rater identifies trigger occurrences and assigns them strength between 1 and 3. The content validity analysis shows that all the 10 triggers meet an acceptable content validity index for items (I-CVI) standard. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) among raters was assessed using a two-way mixed, consistency, average-measures intra-class correlation (ICC). The ICC for the difference between weighted positive and negative triggers was 0.92, which indicates that the raters are in agreement. Comparison with results from an immersion questionnaire mirrors the ISRI results. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, we present a novel and non-intrusive instrument for identifying and rating the level of immersion among participants in healthcare simulation scenarios. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s41077-016-0018-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2016-05-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5806227/ /pubmed/29449986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-016-0018-x Text en © Hagiwara et al 2016 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Hagiwara, Magnus Andersson Backlund, Per Söderholm, Hanna Maurin Lundberg, Lars Lebram, Mikael Engström, Henrik Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title | Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title_full | Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title_fullStr | Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title_full_unstemmed | Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title_short | Measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
title_sort | measuring participants’ immersion in healthcare simulation: the development of an instrument |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5806227/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29449986 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41077-016-0018-x |
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