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Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly associat...

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Autores principales: Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter, Mühlbeier, Andreas, Mochizuki, Luis, Wagner, Heiko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5807919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29467709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109
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author Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter
Mühlbeier, Andreas
Mochizuki, Luis
Wagner, Heiko
author_facet Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter
Mühlbeier, Andreas
Mochizuki, Luis
Wagner, Heiko
author_sort Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter
collection PubMed
description Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly associated with cognition, and consequently language for individuals with ID than for without ID. Despite these studies, little is known about the structure and functioning of this population's spinal cord, which is highly involved in postural control. The aim of our study was to assess the latency of the reflex responses in postural muscles after unexpected lateral external perturbations, in individuals with intellectual disabilities compared to typically developed participants. We assessed 16 participants with intellectual disabilities, 9 males and 7 females (aged 24.06 ± 8.66 years) and 20 typical developed participants (CG), 11 females, 9 males, (aged 21.20±1.96 years). While the participants were in an upright standing position electromyography was used to collect data from M. obliquus externus abdominis (OE) muscles, which were activated by unpredictable perturbations applied by a servomotor on a hand-held grip, following the lateral external perturbation to the trunk. The intellectual disabilities group presented contralateral OE muscles latency of 85.71±27.24 ms, and CG group presented 68.62±10.25 ms, no differences was found. Ipsilateral OE muscles latency also did not differs between the groups, ID group showed 96.60±30.20 ms and CG group showed 95.57±33.53 ms. Our study furthers the knowledge about the muscular activity of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The present experimental results may suggest unique spinal cord processing of individuals with intellectual disabilities when they are faced with unexpected lateral external perturbations.
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spelling pubmed-58079192018-02-21 Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter Mühlbeier, Andreas Mochizuki, Luis Wagner, Heiko Front Psychol Psychology Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) (50 < IQ < 79) show impaired motor and postural control, these impairments are highly related to falls and injuries. Recent studies demonstrated these impairments are related with fine and gross motor development, which are more strongly associated with cognition, and consequently language for individuals with ID than for without ID. Despite these studies, little is known about the structure and functioning of this population's spinal cord, which is highly involved in postural control. The aim of our study was to assess the latency of the reflex responses in postural muscles after unexpected lateral external perturbations, in individuals with intellectual disabilities compared to typically developed participants. We assessed 16 participants with intellectual disabilities, 9 males and 7 females (aged 24.06 ± 8.66 years) and 20 typical developed participants (CG), 11 females, 9 males, (aged 21.20±1.96 years). While the participants were in an upright standing position electromyography was used to collect data from M. obliquus externus abdominis (OE) muscles, which were activated by unpredictable perturbations applied by a servomotor on a hand-held grip, following the lateral external perturbation to the trunk. The intellectual disabilities group presented contralateral OE muscles latency of 85.71±27.24 ms, and CG group presented 68.62±10.25 ms, no differences was found. Ipsilateral OE muscles latency also did not differs between the groups, ID group showed 96.60±30.20 ms and CG group showed 95.57±33.53 ms. Our study furthers the knowledge about the muscular activity of individuals with intellectual disabilities. The present experimental results may suggest unique spinal cord processing of individuals with intellectual disabilities when they are faced with unexpected lateral external perturbations. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5807919/ /pubmed/29467709 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109 Text en Copyright © 2018 Tolentino-Castro, Mühlbeier, Mochizuki and Wagner. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Tolentino-Castro, J. Walter
Mühlbeier, Andreas
Mochizuki, Luis
Wagner, Heiko
Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title_full Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title_fullStr Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title_full_unstemmed Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title_short Delayed Latency of Postural Muscles of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
title_sort delayed latency of postural muscles of individuals with intellectual disabilities
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5807919/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29467709
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00109
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