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Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea

The objective of this study was to verify a change in the longitudinal trend of blood lead levels for the Korean population, before and after the regulation of leaded gasoline— which occurred between 1987 and 1993 in Korea. A total of 77 reports on blood lead levels among general Korean population b...

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Autores principales: Oh, Se-Eun, Kim, Gi Bog, Hwang, Sung Ho, Ha, Mina, Lee, Kyoung-Mu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5810431/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29092393
http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eht.e2017019
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author Oh, Se-Eun
Kim, Gi Bog
Hwang, Sung Ho
Ha, Mina
Lee, Kyoung-Mu
author_facet Oh, Se-Eun
Kim, Gi Bog
Hwang, Sung Ho
Ha, Mina
Lee, Kyoung-Mu
author_sort Oh, Se-Eun
collection PubMed
description The objective of this study was to verify a change in the longitudinal trend of blood lead levels for the Korean population, before and after the regulation of leaded gasoline— which occurred between 1987 and 1993 in Korea. A total of 77 reports on blood lead levels among general Korean population between 1981 and 2014 were selected, and the results were summarized to have the variables of year, number of subjects, the subjects’ range in age, gender, and blood lead concentrations (arithmetic mean). The annual average atmospheric lead levels for four major cities (i.e., Seoul, Busan, Daegu and Gwangju) were collected from the Air Pollution Monitoring Database from 1991, and pilot studies from 1985 to 1990 before the national air quality monitoring system was launched in 1991. Blood lead levels were visualized in a bubble plot in which the size of each bubble represented the sample size of each study, and the annual average concentrations in ambient air were depicted on line graphs. Blood lead levels in the Korean population tended to gradually increase from the early 1980s (approximately 15-20 μg/dL) until 1990-1992 (20-25 μg/dL). Blood lead levels then began to rapidly decrease until 2014 (<2 μg/dL). Similar patterns were observed for both adults (≥20 years) and younger children/adolescents. The same longitudinal trend was observed in annual average atmospheric lead concentration, which suggests a significant correlation between air lead concentration and blood lead concentration in the general population. In conclusion, the regulation of leaded gasoline has significantly contributed to the rapid change in blood lead concentrations. And, the regulation of other sources of lead exposure should be considered to further decrease blood lead levels in the Korean population.
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spelling pubmed-58104312018-02-22 Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea Oh, Se-Eun Kim, Gi Bog Hwang, Sung Ho Ha, Mina Lee, Kyoung-Mu Environ Health Toxicol Original Article The objective of this study was to verify a change in the longitudinal trend of blood lead levels for the Korean population, before and after the regulation of leaded gasoline— which occurred between 1987 and 1993 in Korea. A total of 77 reports on blood lead levels among general Korean population between 1981 and 2014 were selected, and the results were summarized to have the variables of year, number of subjects, the subjects’ range in age, gender, and blood lead concentrations (arithmetic mean). The annual average atmospheric lead levels for four major cities (i.e., Seoul, Busan, Daegu and Gwangju) were collected from the Air Pollution Monitoring Database from 1991, and pilot studies from 1985 to 1990 before the national air quality monitoring system was launched in 1991. Blood lead levels were visualized in a bubble plot in which the size of each bubble represented the sample size of each study, and the annual average concentrations in ambient air were depicted on line graphs. Blood lead levels in the Korean population tended to gradually increase from the early 1980s (approximately 15-20 μg/dL) until 1990-1992 (20-25 μg/dL). Blood lead levels then began to rapidly decrease until 2014 (<2 μg/dL). Similar patterns were observed for both adults (≥20 years) and younger children/adolescents. The same longitudinal trend was observed in annual average atmospheric lead concentration, which suggests a significant correlation between air lead concentration and blood lead concentration in the general population. In conclusion, the regulation of leaded gasoline has significantly contributed to the rapid change in blood lead concentrations. And, the regulation of other sources of lead exposure should be considered to further decrease blood lead levels in the Korean population. The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology 2017-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC5810431/ /pubmed/29092393 http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eht.e2017019 Text en Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Environmental Health and Toxicology This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Oh, Se-Eun
Kim, Gi Bog
Hwang, Sung Ho
Ha, Mina
Lee, Kyoung-Mu
Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title_full Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title_fullStr Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title_full_unstemmed Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title_short Longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in Korea
title_sort longitudinal trends of blood lead levels before and after leaded gasoline regulation in korea
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5810431/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29092393
http://dx.doi.org/10.5620/eht.e2017019
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