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Metals in fungal virulence
Metals are essential for life, and they play a central role in the struggle between infecting microbes and their hosts. In fact, an important aspect of microbial pathogenesis is the ‘nutritional immunity’, in which metals are actively restricted (or, in an extended definition of the term, locally en...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5812535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29069482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fux050 |
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author | Gerwien, Franziska Skrahina, Volha Kasper, Lydia Hube, Bernhard Brunke, Sascha |
author_facet | Gerwien, Franziska Skrahina, Volha Kasper, Lydia Hube, Bernhard Brunke, Sascha |
author_sort | Gerwien, Franziska |
collection | PubMed |
description | Metals are essential for life, and they play a central role in the struggle between infecting microbes and their hosts. In fact, an important aspect of microbial pathogenesis is the ‘nutritional immunity’, in which metals are actively restricted (or, in an extended definition of the term, locally enriched) by the host to hinder microbial growth and virulence. Consequently, fungi have evolved often complex regulatory networks, uptake and detoxification systems for essential metals such as iron, zinc, copper, nickel and manganese. These systems often differ fundamentally from their bacterial counterparts, but even within the fungal pathogens we can find common and unique solutions to maintain metal homeostasis. Thus, we here compare the common and species-specific mechanisms used for different metals among different fungal species—focusing on important human pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus or Cryptococcus neoformans, but also looking at model fungi such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or A. nidulans as well-studied examples for the underlying principles. These direct comparisons of our current knowledge reveal that we have a good understanding how model fungal pathogens take up iron or zinc, but that much is still to learn about other metals and specific adaptations of individual species—not the least to exploit this knowledge for new antifungal strategies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5812535 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58125352018-02-23 Metals in fungal virulence Gerwien, Franziska Skrahina, Volha Kasper, Lydia Hube, Bernhard Brunke, Sascha FEMS Microbiol Rev Review Article Metals are essential for life, and they play a central role in the struggle between infecting microbes and their hosts. In fact, an important aspect of microbial pathogenesis is the ‘nutritional immunity’, in which metals are actively restricted (or, in an extended definition of the term, locally enriched) by the host to hinder microbial growth and virulence. Consequently, fungi have evolved often complex regulatory networks, uptake and detoxification systems for essential metals such as iron, zinc, copper, nickel and manganese. These systems often differ fundamentally from their bacterial counterparts, but even within the fungal pathogens we can find common and unique solutions to maintain metal homeostasis. Thus, we here compare the common and species-specific mechanisms used for different metals among different fungal species—focusing on important human pathogens such as Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus or Cryptococcus neoformans, but also looking at model fungi such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or A. nidulans as well-studied examples for the underlying principles. These direct comparisons of our current knowledge reveal that we have a good understanding how model fungal pathogens take up iron or zinc, but that much is still to learn about other metals and specific adaptations of individual species—not the least to exploit this knowledge for new antifungal strategies. Oxford University Press 2017-10-23 2018-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5812535/ /pubmed/29069482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fux050 Text en © FEMS 2017. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Gerwien, Franziska Skrahina, Volha Kasper, Lydia Hube, Bernhard Brunke, Sascha Metals in fungal virulence |
title | Metals in fungal virulence |
title_full | Metals in fungal virulence |
title_fullStr | Metals in fungal virulence |
title_full_unstemmed | Metals in fungal virulence |
title_short | Metals in fungal virulence |
title_sort | metals in fungal virulence |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5812535/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29069482 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fux050 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gerwienfranziska metalsinfungalvirulence AT skrahinavolha metalsinfungalvirulence AT kasperlydia metalsinfungalvirulence AT hubebernhard metalsinfungalvirulence AT brunkesascha metalsinfungalvirulence |