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Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the current study was to understand the added effects of having a sensory impairment (vision and/or hearing impairment) in combination with cognitive impairment with respect to health-related outcomes among older adults (65+ years old) receiving home care or residing in...

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Autores principales: Guthrie, Dawn M., Davidson, Jacob G. S., Williams, Nicole, Campos, Jennifer, Hunter, Kathleen, Mick, Paul, Orange, Joseph B., Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen, Phillips, Natalie A., Savundranayagam, Marie Y., Wittich, Walter
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5814012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29447253
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192971
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author Guthrie, Dawn M.
Davidson, Jacob G. S.
Williams, Nicole
Campos, Jennifer
Hunter, Kathleen
Mick, Paul
Orange, Joseph B.
Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
Phillips, Natalie A.
Savundranayagam, Marie Y.
Wittich, Walter
author_facet Guthrie, Dawn M.
Davidson, Jacob G. S.
Williams, Nicole
Campos, Jennifer
Hunter, Kathleen
Mick, Paul
Orange, Joseph B.
Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
Phillips, Natalie A.
Savundranayagam, Marie Y.
Wittich, Walter
author_sort Guthrie, Dawn M.
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: The objective of the current study was to understand the added effects of having a sensory impairment (vision and/or hearing impairment) in combination with cognitive impairment with respect to health-related outcomes among older adults (65+ years old) receiving home care or residing in a long-term care (LTC) facility in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using existing data collected with one of two interRAI assessments, one for home care (n = 291,824) and one for LTC (n = 110,578). Items in the assessments were used to identify clients with single sensory impairments (e.g., vision only [VI], hearing only [HI]), dual sensory impairment (DSI; i.e., vision and hearing) and those with cognitive impairment (CI). We defined seven mutually exclusive groups based on the presence of single or combined impairments. RESULTS: The rate of people having all three impairments (i.e., CI+DSI) was 21.3% in home care and 29.2% in LTC. Across the seven groups, individuals with all three impairments were the most likely to report loneliness, to have a reduction in social engagement, and to experience reduced independence in their activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). Communication challenges were highly prevalent in this group, at 38.0% in home care and 49.2% in LTC. In both care settings, communication difficulties were more common in the CI+DSI group versus the CI-alone group. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of combined sensory and cognitive impairments is high among older adults in these two care settings and having all three impairments is associated with higher rates of negative outcomes than the rates for those having CI alone. There is a rising imperative for all health care professionals to recognize the potential presence of hearing, vision and cognitive impairments in those for whom they provide care, to ensure that basic screening occurs and to use those results to inform care plans.
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spelling pubmed-58140122018-03-02 Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario Guthrie, Dawn M. Davidson, Jacob G. S. Williams, Nicole Campos, Jennifer Hunter, Kathleen Mick, Paul Orange, Joseph B. Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen Phillips, Natalie A. Savundranayagam, Marie Y. Wittich, Walter PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVES: The objective of the current study was to understand the added effects of having a sensory impairment (vision and/or hearing impairment) in combination with cognitive impairment with respect to health-related outcomes among older adults (65+ years old) receiving home care or residing in a long-term care (LTC) facility in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using existing data collected with one of two interRAI assessments, one for home care (n = 291,824) and one for LTC (n = 110,578). Items in the assessments were used to identify clients with single sensory impairments (e.g., vision only [VI], hearing only [HI]), dual sensory impairment (DSI; i.e., vision and hearing) and those with cognitive impairment (CI). We defined seven mutually exclusive groups based on the presence of single or combined impairments. RESULTS: The rate of people having all three impairments (i.e., CI+DSI) was 21.3% in home care and 29.2% in LTC. Across the seven groups, individuals with all three impairments were the most likely to report loneliness, to have a reduction in social engagement, and to experience reduced independence in their activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs). Communication challenges were highly prevalent in this group, at 38.0% in home care and 49.2% in LTC. In both care settings, communication difficulties were more common in the CI+DSI group versus the CI-alone group. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of combined sensory and cognitive impairments is high among older adults in these two care settings and having all three impairments is associated with higher rates of negative outcomes than the rates for those having CI alone. There is a rising imperative for all health care professionals to recognize the potential presence of hearing, vision and cognitive impairments in those for whom they provide care, to ensure that basic screening occurs and to use those results to inform care plans. Public Library of Science 2018-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC5814012/ /pubmed/29447253 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192971 Text en © 2018 Guthrie et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Guthrie, Dawn M.
Davidson, Jacob G. S.
Williams, Nicole
Campos, Jennifer
Hunter, Kathleen
Mick, Paul
Orange, Joseph B.
Pichora-Fuller, M. Kathleen
Phillips, Natalie A.
Savundranayagam, Marie Y.
Wittich, Walter
Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title_full Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title_fullStr Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title_full_unstemmed Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title_short Combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: Analysis of interRAI data for home care and long-term care recipients in Ontario
title_sort combined impairments in vision, hearing and cognition are associated with greater levels of functional and communication difficulties than cognitive impairment alone: analysis of interrai data for home care and long-term care recipients in ontario
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5814012/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29447253
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192971
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