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Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML

Studies employing mouse transplantation have illustrated the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) defining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Besides being a molecular marker, ALDH mediates drug resistance in AML, which induces poor prognosis of the patients. In AML pat...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Yang, Xiangchou, Yao, Rongxin, Wang, Hong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5817321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29516013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9192104
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author Yang, Xiangchou
Yao, Rongxin
Wang, Hong
author_facet Yang, Xiangchou
Yao, Rongxin
Wang, Hong
author_sort Yang, Xiangchou
collection PubMed
description Studies employing mouse transplantation have illustrated the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) defining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Besides being a molecular marker, ALDH mediates drug resistance in AML, which induces poor prognosis of the patients. In AML patients, either CD34(+)ALDH(br) population or CD34(+)CD38(−)ALDH(int) population was found to denote LSCs and minimal residual disease (MRD). A bunch of reagents targeting ALDH directly or indirectly have been evaluated. ATRA, disulfiram, and dimethyl ampal thiolester (DIMATE) are all shown to be potential candidates to open new perspective for AML treatment. However, inconsistent results have been shown for markers of LSCs, which makes it even more difficult to differentiate LSCs and HSCs. In this review, we elevated the role of ALDH to be a potential marker to define and distinguish HSCs and LSCs and its importance in prognosis and target therapy in AML patients. In addition to immunophenotypical markers, ALDH is also functionally active in defining and distinguishing HSCs and LSCs and offers intracellular protections against cytotoxic drugs. Targeting ALDH may be a potential strategy to improve AML treatment. Additional studies concerning specific targeting ALDH and mechanisms of its roles in LSCs are warranted.
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spelling pubmed-58173212018-03-07 Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML Yang, Xiangchou Yao, Rongxin Wang, Hong Biomed Res Int Review Article Studies employing mouse transplantation have illustrated the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) defining hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs). Besides being a molecular marker, ALDH mediates drug resistance in AML, which induces poor prognosis of the patients. In AML patients, either CD34(+)ALDH(br) population or CD34(+)CD38(−)ALDH(int) population was found to denote LSCs and minimal residual disease (MRD). A bunch of reagents targeting ALDH directly or indirectly have been evaluated. ATRA, disulfiram, and dimethyl ampal thiolester (DIMATE) are all shown to be potential candidates to open new perspective for AML treatment. However, inconsistent results have been shown for markers of LSCs, which makes it even more difficult to differentiate LSCs and HSCs. In this review, we elevated the role of ALDH to be a potential marker to define and distinguish HSCs and LSCs and its importance in prognosis and target therapy in AML patients. In addition to immunophenotypical markers, ALDH is also functionally active in defining and distinguishing HSCs and LSCs and offers intracellular protections against cytotoxic drugs. Targeting ALDH may be a potential strategy to improve AML treatment. Additional studies concerning specific targeting ALDH and mechanisms of its roles in LSCs are warranted. Hindawi 2018-01-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5817321/ /pubmed/29516013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9192104 Text en Copyright © 2018 Xiangchou Yang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Yang, Xiangchou
Yao, Rongxin
Wang, Hong
Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title_full Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title_fullStr Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title_full_unstemmed Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title_short Update of ALDH as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for AML
title_sort update of aldh as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for aml
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5817321/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29516013
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9192104
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