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Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination

Early fertilizer nitrogen (N) application on cover crops or their residues during the off-season is a practice adopted in Brazil subtropical conditions under no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) systems. However, the effect of early N application on yield, plant N content, and N recovery efficiency (NRE) f...

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Autores principales: Maciel de Oliveira, Silas, de Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz, Ciampitti, Ignacio A., Pierozan Junior, Clovis, Lago, Bruno Cocco, Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze, Favarin, José Laércio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29462178
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192776
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author Maciel de Oliveira, Silas
de Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz
Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Pierozan Junior, Clovis
Lago, Bruno Cocco
Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
Favarin, José Laércio
author_facet Maciel de Oliveira, Silas
de Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz
Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Pierozan Junior, Clovis
Lago, Bruno Cocco
Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
Favarin, José Laércio
author_sort Maciel de Oliveira, Silas
collection PubMed
description Early fertilizer nitrogen (N) application on cover crops or their residues during the off-season is a practice adopted in Brazil subtropical conditions under no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) systems. However, the effect of early N application on yield, plant N content, and N recovery efficiency (NRE) for corn is not yet well documented. Five fertilizer N timings in an oat-corn system were evaluated in two studies utilizing an isotopic-labeled N determination, (15)N isotope. The N fertilization timings were: (i) oat tillering, (ii) 15 days before corn planting time, over the oat residues, (iii) at corn planting time, (iv) in-season at the three-leaf growth stage (V3), and (v) in-season split application at V3 and six-leaf (V6) growth stages. Based on the statistical analysis, the N fertilization timings were separated into three groups: 1) N-OATS, designated to N applied at oat; 2) N-PLANT, referred to pre-plant and planting N applications; and 3) N-CORN, designated to in-season corn N applications. Corn yield was not affected by the N fertilization timing. However, the N-CORN N fertilization timings enhanced NRE by 17% and 35% and final N recovery system (plant plus soil) by 16% and 24% all relative to N-OATS and N-PLANT groups, respectively. Overall, N-OATS resulted in the largest N derived from fertilizer (NDFF) amount in the deeper soil layer, in overall a delta of 10 kg N ha(-1) relative to the rest of the groups. Notwithstanding corn yield was not affected, early N fertilization under subtropical conditions is not a viable option since NRE was diminished and the non-recovery N increased relative to the in-season N applications.
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spelling pubmed-58198072018-03-15 Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination Maciel de Oliveira, Silas de Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz Ciampitti, Ignacio A. Pierozan Junior, Clovis Lago, Bruno Cocco Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Favarin, José Laércio PLoS One Research Article Early fertilizer nitrogen (N) application on cover crops or their residues during the off-season is a practice adopted in Brazil subtropical conditions under no-tillage corn (Zea mays L.) systems. However, the effect of early N application on yield, plant N content, and N recovery efficiency (NRE) for corn is not yet well documented. Five fertilizer N timings in an oat-corn system were evaluated in two studies utilizing an isotopic-labeled N determination, (15)N isotope. The N fertilization timings were: (i) oat tillering, (ii) 15 days before corn planting time, over the oat residues, (iii) at corn planting time, (iv) in-season at the three-leaf growth stage (V3), and (v) in-season split application at V3 and six-leaf (V6) growth stages. Based on the statistical analysis, the N fertilization timings were separated into three groups: 1) N-OATS, designated to N applied at oat; 2) N-PLANT, referred to pre-plant and planting N applications; and 3) N-CORN, designated to in-season corn N applications. Corn yield was not affected by the N fertilization timing. However, the N-CORN N fertilization timings enhanced NRE by 17% and 35% and final N recovery system (plant plus soil) by 16% and 24% all relative to N-OATS and N-PLANT groups, respectively. Overall, N-OATS resulted in the largest N derived from fertilizer (NDFF) amount in the deeper soil layer, in overall a delta of 10 kg N ha(-1) relative to the rest of the groups. Notwithstanding corn yield was not affected, early N fertilization under subtropical conditions is not a viable option since NRE was diminished and the non-recovery N increased relative to the in-season N applications. Public Library of Science 2018-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC5819807/ /pubmed/29462178 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192776 Text en https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) public domain dedication.
spellingShingle Research Article
Maciel de Oliveira, Silas
de Almeida, Rodrigo Estevam Munhoz
Ciampitti, Ignacio A.
Pierozan Junior, Clovis
Lago, Bruno Cocco
Trivelin, Paulo Cesar Ocheuze
Favarin, José Laércio
Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title_full Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title_fullStr Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title_full_unstemmed Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title_short Understanding N timing in corn yield and fertilizer N recovery: An insight from an isotopic labeled-N determination
title_sort understanding n timing in corn yield and fertilizer n recovery: an insight from an isotopic labeled-n determination
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819807/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29462178
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192776
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