The Genotype of Human Papillomavirus and Associated Factors Among High Risk Males in Shanghai, China: A Molecular Epidemiology Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to describe the infection rate of human papillomavirus (HPV), its genotype distribution, and associated factors among high-risk males in Shanghai, China. MATERIAL/METHODS: A total of 1,205 participants were enrolled in this study from October 2015 to March 2017. Each individual signed an informed consent before agreeing to take part in this study; participants completed a questionnaire about associated factors related to HPV infection. The HPV GenoArray test kit was used to perform HPV genotyping and was also used in DNA amplification and HybriBio’s proprietary flow-through hybridization technique. RESULTS: The overall infection rate of HPV was 58.4%. HPV 11 (177, 14%) was the most common low-risk (LR) genotype and HPV 16 (78, 6.47%) was the top prevalent high-risk (HR) genotype among all the male patients. Additionally, multiple infections (387, 32.1%) was the most common type among all the infected cases, while single infection was only 317 cases (26.3%). Sexual preference, number of sex partners, sexual activity, and frequency of condom use were significantly associated with HR and LR infection. CONCLUSIONS: The infection rate of HPV infection among high-risk males in Shanghai was very high.