Home versus hospital immunoglobulin treatment for autoimmune neuropathies: A cost minimization analysis

BACKGROUND: Prior clinical trials have suggested that home‐based Ig treatment in multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and its variant Lewis–Sumner syndrome (LSS) is safe and effective and is less costly than hospital‐administered intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). METHODS: A French prospective, dual‐center, cost minimization analysis was carried out to evaluate IVIg administration (5% concentrated) at home versus in hospital with regard to costs, patients’ autonomy, and patients’ quality of life. The primary endpoint was the overall cost of treatment, and we adopted the perspective of the payer (French Social Health Insurance). RESULTS: Twenty‐four patients aged 52.3 (12.2) years were analyzed: nine patients with MMN, eight with CIDP, and seven with LSS. IVIg (g/kg) dosage was 1.51 ± 0.43 in hospital and 1.52 ± 0.4 at home. Nine‐month total costs per patient extrapolated to 1 year of treatment were €48,189 ± 26,105 versus €91,798 ± 51,125 in the home and hospital groups, respectively (p < .0001). The most frequently reported factors for choosing home treatment were the good tolerance and absence of side effects of IVIg administration, as well as a good understanding of the advantages and drawbacks of home treatment (75% of respondents). The mRankin scores before and after switch to home treatment were 1.61 ± 0.72 and 1.36 ± 0.76, respectively (p = .027). DISCUSSION: The switch from hospital‐based to home‐based IVIg treatment for patients with immune neuropathy represents potentially significant savings in the management of the disease.