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The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners

BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in humans range from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening intestinal disease. Findings on C. difficile in various animal species and an overlap in ribotypes (RTs) suggest potential zoonotic transmission. However, the impact of animals for human...

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Autores principales: Rabold, Denise, Espelage, Werner, Abu Sin, Muna, Eckmanns, Tim, Schneeberg, Alexander, Neubauer, Heinrich, Möbius, Nadine, Hille, Katja, Wieler, Lothar H., Seyboldt, Christian, Lübke-Becker, Antina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5825086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29474439
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193411
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author Rabold, Denise
Espelage, Werner
Abu Sin, Muna
Eckmanns, Tim
Schneeberg, Alexander
Neubauer, Heinrich
Möbius, Nadine
Hille, Katja
Wieler, Lothar H.
Seyboldt, Christian
Lübke-Becker, Antina
author_facet Rabold, Denise
Espelage, Werner
Abu Sin, Muna
Eckmanns, Tim
Schneeberg, Alexander
Neubauer, Heinrich
Möbius, Nadine
Hille, Katja
Wieler, Lothar H.
Seyboldt, Christian
Lübke-Becker, Antina
author_sort Rabold, Denise
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in humans range from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening intestinal disease. Findings on C. difficile in various animal species and an overlap in ribotypes (RTs) suggest potential zoonotic transmission. However, the impact of animals for human CDI remains unclear. METHODS: In a large-scale survey we collected 1,447 fecal samples to determine the occurrence of C. difficile in small companion animals (dogs and cats) and their owners and to assess potential epidemiological links within the community. The Germany-wide survey was conducted from July 2012-August 2013. PCR ribotyping, Multilocus VNTR Analysis (MLVA) and PCR detection of toxin genes were used to characterize isolated C. difficile strains. A database was defined and logistic regression used to identify putative factors associated with fecal shedding of C. difficile. RESULTS: In total, 1,418 samples met the inclusion criteria. The isolation rates for small companion animals and their owners within the community were similarly low with 3.0% (25/840) and 2.9% (17/578), respectively. PCR ribotyping revealed eight and twelve different RTs in animals and humans, respectively, whereas three RTs were isolated in both, humans and animals. RT 014/0, a well-known human hospital-associated lineage, was predominantly detected in animal samples. Moreover, the potentially highly pathogenic RTs 027 and 078 were isolated from dogs. Even though, C. difficile did not occur simultaneously in animals and humans sharing the same household. The results of the epidemiological analysis of factors associated with fecal shedding of C. difficile support the hypothesis of a zoonotic potential. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular characterization and epidemiological analysis revealed that the zoonotic risk for C. difficile associated with dogs and cats within the community is low but cannot be excluded.
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spelling pubmed-58250862018-03-19 The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners Rabold, Denise Espelage, Werner Abu Sin, Muna Eckmanns, Tim Schneeberg, Alexander Neubauer, Heinrich Möbius, Nadine Hille, Katja Wieler, Lothar H. Seyboldt, Christian Lübke-Becker, Antina PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in humans range from asymptomatic carriage to life-threatening intestinal disease. Findings on C. difficile in various animal species and an overlap in ribotypes (RTs) suggest potential zoonotic transmission. However, the impact of animals for human CDI remains unclear. METHODS: In a large-scale survey we collected 1,447 fecal samples to determine the occurrence of C. difficile in small companion animals (dogs and cats) and their owners and to assess potential epidemiological links within the community. The Germany-wide survey was conducted from July 2012-August 2013. PCR ribotyping, Multilocus VNTR Analysis (MLVA) and PCR detection of toxin genes were used to characterize isolated C. difficile strains. A database was defined and logistic regression used to identify putative factors associated with fecal shedding of C. difficile. RESULTS: In total, 1,418 samples met the inclusion criteria. The isolation rates for small companion animals and their owners within the community were similarly low with 3.0% (25/840) and 2.9% (17/578), respectively. PCR ribotyping revealed eight and twelve different RTs in animals and humans, respectively, whereas three RTs were isolated in both, humans and animals. RT 014/0, a well-known human hospital-associated lineage, was predominantly detected in animal samples. Moreover, the potentially highly pathogenic RTs 027 and 078 were isolated from dogs. Even though, C. difficile did not occur simultaneously in animals and humans sharing the same household. The results of the epidemiological analysis of factors associated with fecal shedding of C. difficile support the hypothesis of a zoonotic potential. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular characterization and epidemiological analysis revealed that the zoonotic risk for C. difficile associated with dogs and cats within the community is low but cannot be excluded. Public Library of Science 2018-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5825086/ /pubmed/29474439 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193411 Text en © 2018 Rabold et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rabold, Denise
Espelage, Werner
Abu Sin, Muna
Eckmanns, Tim
Schneeberg, Alexander
Neubauer, Heinrich
Möbius, Nadine
Hille, Katja
Wieler, Lothar H.
Seyboldt, Christian
Lübke-Becker, Antina
The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title_full The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title_fullStr The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title_full_unstemmed The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title_short The zoonotic potential of Clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
title_sort zoonotic potential of clostridium difficile from small companion animals and their owners
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5825086/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29474439
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193411
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