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The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club

The tail club knob is a highly specialized structure thought to characterize a subgroup of the ankylosaurine ankylosaurians, and the oldest documented tail club knob in the fossil record occurred in the Campanian ankylosaurine Pinacosaurus. Here we report a new ankylosaurid Jinyunpelta sinensis, gen...

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Autores principales: Zheng, Wenjie, Jin, Xingsheng, Azuma, Yoichi, Wang, Qiongying, Miyata, Kazunori, Xu, Xing
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5829254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29487376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21924-7
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author Zheng, Wenjie
Jin, Xingsheng
Azuma, Yoichi
Wang, Qiongying
Miyata, Kazunori
Xu, Xing
author_facet Zheng, Wenjie
Jin, Xingsheng
Azuma, Yoichi
Wang, Qiongying
Miyata, Kazunori
Xu, Xing
author_sort Zheng, Wenjie
collection PubMed
description The tail club knob is a highly specialized structure thought to characterize a subgroup of the ankylosaurine ankylosaurians, and the oldest documented tail club knob in the fossil record occurred in the Campanian ankylosaurine Pinacosaurus. Here we report a new ankylosaurid Jinyunpelta sinensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Albian–Cenomanian Liangtoutang Formation, Jinyun County, Zhejiang, China. This is the first definitive and the best preserved ankylosaurid dinosaur ever found in southern China. Jinyunpelta possesses unique cranial features differs from other ankylosaurs including two paranasal apertures level with and posterior to the external naris, a triangular fossa on the anterodorsal edge of the maxilla, an antorbital fossa in the junction between the maxilla, lacrimal and jugal, and an anterior process of the prearticular that lies ventral to the splenial. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests Jinyunpelta as the most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur. Jinyunpelta has a tail club with interlocking caudal vertebrae and a well-developed tail club knob, it represents the oldest and the most basal ankylosaurian known to have a well-developed tail club knob. The new discovery thus demonstrates that a large and highly modified tail club evolved at the base of the ankylosaurine ankylosaurs at least about 100 million years ago.
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spelling pubmed-58292542018-03-01 The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club Zheng, Wenjie Jin, Xingsheng Azuma, Yoichi Wang, Qiongying Miyata, Kazunori Xu, Xing Sci Rep Article The tail club knob is a highly specialized structure thought to characterize a subgroup of the ankylosaurine ankylosaurians, and the oldest documented tail club knob in the fossil record occurred in the Campanian ankylosaurine Pinacosaurus. Here we report a new ankylosaurid Jinyunpelta sinensis, gen. et sp. nov., from the Albian–Cenomanian Liangtoutang Formation, Jinyun County, Zhejiang, China. This is the first definitive and the best preserved ankylosaurid dinosaur ever found in southern China. Jinyunpelta possesses unique cranial features differs from other ankylosaurs including two paranasal apertures level with and posterior to the external naris, a triangular fossa on the anterodorsal edge of the maxilla, an antorbital fossa in the junction between the maxilla, lacrimal and jugal, and an anterior process of the prearticular that lies ventral to the splenial. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests Jinyunpelta as the most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur. Jinyunpelta has a tail club with interlocking caudal vertebrae and a well-developed tail club knob, it represents the oldest and the most basal ankylosaurian known to have a well-developed tail club knob. The new discovery thus demonstrates that a large and highly modified tail club evolved at the base of the ankylosaurine ankylosaurs at least about 100 million years ago. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC5829254/ /pubmed/29487376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21924-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Zheng, Wenjie
Jin, Xingsheng
Azuma, Yoichi
Wang, Qiongying
Miyata, Kazunori
Xu, Xing
The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title_full The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title_fullStr The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title_full_unstemmed The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title_short The most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the Albian–Cenomanian of China, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
title_sort most basal ankylosaurine dinosaur from the albian–cenomanian of china, with implications for the evolution of the tail club
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5829254/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29487376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21924-7
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