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Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa
African swine fever (ASF) is a complex infectious disease of swine that constitutes devastating impacts on animal health and the world economy. Here, we investigated the evolutionary epidemiology of ASF virus (ASFV) in Eurasia and Africa using the concatenated gene sequences of the viral protein 72...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5831051/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29489860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192565 |
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author | Alkhamis, Moh A. Gallardo, Carmina Jurado, Cristina Soler, Alejandro Arias, Marisa Sánchez-Vizcaíno, José M. |
author_facet | Alkhamis, Moh A. Gallardo, Carmina Jurado, Cristina Soler, Alejandro Arias, Marisa Sánchez-Vizcaíno, José M. |
author_sort | Alkhamis, Moh A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | African swine fever (ASF) is a complex infectious disease of swine that constitutes devastating impacts on animal health and the world economy. Here, we investigated the evolutionary epidemiology of ASF virus (ASFV) in Eurasia and Africa using the concatenated gene sequences of the viral protein 72 and the central variable region of isolates collected between 1960 and 2015. We used Bayesian phylodynamic models to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the virus, to identify virus population demographics and to quantify dispersal patterns between host species. Results suggest that ASFV exhibited a significantly high evolutionary rate and population growth through time since its divergence in the 18th century from East Africa, with no signs of decline till recent years. This increase corresponds to the growing pig trade activities between continents during the 19th century, and may be attributed to an evolutionary drift that resulted from either continuous circulation or maintenance of the virus within Africa and Eurasia. Furthermore, results implicate wild suids as the ancestral host species (root state posterior probability = 0.87) for ASFV in the early 1700s in Africa. Moreover, results indicate the transmission cycle between wild suids and pigs is an important cycle for ASFV spread and maintenance in pig populations, while ticks are an important natural reservoir that can facilitate ASFV spread and maintenance in wild swine populations. We illustrated the prospects of phylodynamic methods in improving risk-based surveillance, support of effective animal health policies, and epidemic preparedness in countries at high risk of ASFV incursion. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5831051 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58310512018-03-19 Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa Alkhamis, Moh A. Gallardo, Carmina Jurado, Cristina Soler, Alejandro Arias, Marisa Sánchez-Vizcaíno, José M. PLoS One Research Article African swine fever (ASF) is a complex infectious disease of swine that constitutes devastating impacts on animal health and the world economy. Here, we investigated the evolutionary epidemiology of ASF virus (ASFV) in Eurasia and Africa using the concatenated gene sequences of the viral protein 72 and the central variable region of isolates collected between 1960 and 2015. We used Bayesian phylodynamic models to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the virus, to identify virus population demographics and to quantify dispersal patterns between host species. Results suggest that ASFV exhibited a significantly high evolutionary rate and population growth through time since its divergence in the 18th century from East Africa, with no signs of decline till recent years. This increase corresponds to the growing pig trade activities between continents during the 19th century, and may be attributed to an evolutionary drift that resulted from either continuous circulation or maintenance of the virus within Africa and Eurasia. Furthermore, results implicate wild suids as the ancestral host species (root state posterior probability = 0.87) for ASFV in the early 1700s in Africa. Moreover, results indicate the transmission cycle between wild suids and pigs is an important cycle for ASFV spread and maintenance in pig populations, while ticks are an important natural reservoir that can facilitate ASFV spread and maintenance in wild swine populations. We illustrated the prospects of phylodynamic methods in improving risk-based surveillance, support of effective animal health policies, and epidemic preparedness in countries at high risk of ASFV incursion. Public Library of Science 2018-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5831051/ /pubmed/29489860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192565 Text en © 2018 Alkhamis et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Alkhamis, Moh A. Gallardo, Carmina Jurado, Cristina Soler, Alejandro Arias, Marisa Sánchez-Vizcaíno, José M. Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title | Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title_full | Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title_fullStr | Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title_full_unstemmed | Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title_short | Phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of African swine fever p72-CVR genes in Eurasia and Africa |
title_sort | phylodynamics and evolutionary epidemiology of african swine fever p72-cvr genes in eurasia and africa |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5831051/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29489860 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192565 |
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