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Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context
When people are being evaluated, their whole body responds. Verbal feedback causes robust activation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. What about nonverbal evaluative feedback? Recent discoveries about the social functions of facial expression have documented three morphologically di...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832797/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29497068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21536-1 |
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author | Martin, Jared D. Abercrombie, Heather C. Gilboa-Schechtman, Eva Niedenthal, Paula M. |
author_facet | Martin, Jared D. Abercrombie, Heather C. Gilboa-Schechtman, Eva Niedenthal, Paula M. |
author_sort | Martin, Jared D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | When people are being evaluated, their whole body responds. Verbal feedback causes robust activation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. What about nonverbal evaluative feedback? Recent discoveries about the social functions of facial expression have documented three morphologically distinct smiles, which serve the functions of reinforcement, social smoothing, and social challenge. In the present study, participants saw instances of one of three smile types from an evaluator during a modified social stress test. We find evidence in support of the claim that functionally different smiles are sufficient to augment or dampen HPA axis activity. We also find that responses to the meanings of smiles as evaluative feedback are more differentiated in individuals with higher baseline high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), which is associated with facial expression recognition accuracy. The differentiation is especially evident in response to smiles that are more ambiguous in context. Findings suggest that facial expressions have deep physiological implications and that smiles regulate the social world in a highly nuanced fashion. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5832797 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58327972018-03-05 Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context Martin, Jared D. Abercrombie, Heather C. Gilboa-Schechtman, Eva Niedenthal, Paula M. Sci Rep Article When people are being evaluated, their whole body responds. Verbal feedback causes robust activation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. What about nonverbal evaluative feedback? Recent discoveries about the social functions of facial expression have documented three morphologically distinct smiles, which serve the functions of reinforcement, social smoothing, and social challenge. In the present study, participants saw instances of one of three smile types from an evaluator during a modified social stress test. We find evidence in support of the claim that functionally different smiles are sufficient to augment or dampen HPA axis activity. We also find that responses to the meanings of smiles as evaluative feedback are more differentiated in individuals with higher baseline high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), which is associated with facial expression recognition accuracy. The differentiation is especially evident in response to smiles that are more ambiguous in context. Findings suggest that facial expressions have deep physiological implications and that smiles regulate the social world in a highly nuanced fashion. Nature Publishing Group UK 2018-03-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5832797/ /pubmed/29497068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21536-1 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Martin, Jared D. Abercrombie, Heather C. Gilboa-Schechtman, Eva Niedenthal, Paula M. Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title | Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title_full | Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title_fullStr | Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title_full_unstemmed | Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title_short | Functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
title_sort | functionally distinct smiles elicit different physiological responses in an evaluative context |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5832797/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29497068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-21536-1 |
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