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Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review
Scorpions are distributed throughout Iran and the genus Hemiscorpius is particularly important in this region. Hemiscorpius lepturus is the most significant species within the genus in the country. Since scorpionism provoked by Hemiscorpius comprises a medical emergency, the present study is focused...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5833132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29507581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0145-z |
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author | Dehghani, Rouhullah Kamiabi, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Malihe |
author_facet | Dehghani, Rouhullah Kamiabi, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Malihe |
author_sort | Dehghani, Rouhullah |
collection | PubMed |
description | Scorpions are distributed throughout Iran and the genus Hemiscorpius is particularly important in this region. Hemiscorpius lepturus is the most significant species within the genus in the country. Since scorpionism provoked by Hemiscorpius comprises a medical emergency, the present study is focused on this important issue. In order to perform the present work, a review of the medical and health-related literature was carried out in several databases. The current findings indicate that six species of Hemiscorpius are found in 15 states of Iran, mainly in the south and southwest. Deaths caused by stings were reported only for two species. The morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of H. lepturus in Iran, its venom and the toxic compounds, epidemiologic data and clinical manifestations of envenomation as well as treatment for affected people are herein reviewed and described. H. lepturus venom toxicity differs from other Iranian scorpions regarding duration and severity. Scorpionism is an important public health problem in Iran, especially in southwest and south regions and in urban areas. It is more prevalent in children and young people. H. lepturus venom is primarily a cytotoxic agent and has hemolytic, nephrotoxic and to some extent hepatotoxic activity. The use of polyvalent antivenom to prevent scorpion sting symptoms is recommended. A well-planned health education program might be useful in preventing scorpionism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5833132 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58331322018-03-05 Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review Dehghani, Rouhullah Kamiabi, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Malihe J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis Review Scorpions are distributed throughout Iran and the genus Hemiscorpius is particularly important in this region. Hemiscorpius lepturus is the most significant species within the genus in the country. Since scorpionism provoked by Hemiscorpius comprises a medical emergency, the present study is focused on this important issue. In order to perform the present work, a review of the medical and health-related literature was carried out in several databases. The current findings indicate that six species of Hemiscorpius are found in 15 states of Iran, mainly in the south and southwest. Deaths caused by stings were reported only for two species. The morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of H. lepturus in Iran, its venom and the toxic compounds, epidemiologic data and clinical manifestations of envenomation as well as treatment for affected people are herein reviewed and described. H. lepturus venom toxicity differs from other Iranian scorpions regarding duration and severity. Scorpionism is an important public health problem in Iran, especially in southwest and south regions and in urban areas. It is more prevalent in children and young people. H. lepturus venom is primarily a cytotoxic agent and has hemolytic, nephrotoxic and to some extent hepatotoxic activity. The use of polyvalent antivenom to prevent scorpion sting symptoms is recommended. A well-planned health education program might be useful in preventing scorpionism. BioMed Central 2018-03-02 /pmc/articles/PMC5833132/ /pubmed/29507581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0145-z Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Review Dehghani, Rouhullah Kamiabi, Fatemeh Mohammadi, Malihe Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title | Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title_full | Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title_fullStr | Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title_full_unstemmed | Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title_short | Scorpionism by Hemiscorpius spp. in Iran: a review |
title_sort | scorpionism by hemiscorpius spp. in iran: a review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5833132/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29507581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0145-z |
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