Pemphigoïde bulleuse et maladie de Parkinson: à propos d'un cas

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease which can be associated with many pathologies including degenerative neurological diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Studies have suggested the possibility of cross-immune responses through “epitope spreading”. Bullous dermatosis has been reported to be secondary to neurological disease, at intervals ranging from a few months to a maximum of a few years. Then is it an unusual association or a causation? It has been suggested that drug consumption, decubitus lesions, traumatic events as well as reduced immunity can be triggers for BP in patients with neurological disease. We report the case of a 93-year old patient with a 10-year history of advanced Parkinson's disease, hospitalized for the treatment of a common bullous pemphigoid confirmed by histology and immunohistochemistry. The patient was treated with oral corticosteroids. After a week of treatment, the patient died due to septic shock. Neurological disorders represent a real risk factor for BP. BP could be considered as a marker for neurological disorder. These associations are of broad interest, because they can play a role in the etiopathogenesis of BP and contribute to a complete understanding of the causes of these neurodegenerative diseases.