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Fetal sex-specific differences in gestational age at delivery in pre-eclampsia: a meta-analysis

Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major pregnancy disorder complicating up to 8% of pregnancies. Increasing evidence indicates a sex-specific interplay between the mother, placenta and fetus. This may lead to different adaptive mechanisms during pregnancy. Methods: We performed an individual parti...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schalekamp-Timmermans, Sarah, Arends, Lidia R, Alsaker, Elin, Chappell, Lucy, Hansson, Stefan, Harsem, Nina K, Jälmby, Maya, Jeyabalan, Arundhathi, Laivuori, Hannele, Lawlor, Debbie A, Macdonald-Wallis, Corrie, Magnus, Per, Myers, Jenny, Olsen, Jørn, Poston, Lucilla, Redman, Christopher W, Staff, Anne C, Villa, Pia, Roberts, James M, Steegers, Eric A
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2017
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5837300/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27605586
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyw178
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a major pregnancy disorder complicating up to 8% of pregnancies. Increasing evidence indicates a sex-specific interplay between the mother, placenta and fetus. This may lead to different adaptive mechanisms during pregnancy. Methods: We performed an individual participant data meta-analysis to determine associations of fetal sex and PE, with specific focus on gestational age at delivery in PE. This was done on 219 575 independent live-born singleton pregnancies, with a gestational age at birth between 22.0 and 43.0 weeks of gestation, from 11 studies participating in a worldwide consortium of international research groups focusing on pregnancy. Results: Of the women, 9033 (4.1%) experienced PE in their pregnancy and 48.8% of the fetuses were female versus 51.2% male. No differences in the female/male distribution were observed with respect to term PE (delivered ≥ 37 weeks). Preterm PE (delivered < 37 weeks) was slightly more prevalent among pregnancies with a female fetus than in pregnancies with a male fetus [odds ratio (OR) 1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.21]. Very preterm PE (delivered < 34 weeks) was even more prevalent among pregnancies with a female fetus as compared with pregnancies with a male fetus (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.17–1.59). Conclusions: Sexual dimorphic differences in the occurrence of PE exist, with preterm PE being more prevalent among pregnancies with a female fetus as compared with pregnancies with a male fetus and with no differences with respect to term PE.