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Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications

Nanobodies can be seen as next‐generation tools for the recognition and modulation of antigens that are inaccessible to conventional antibodies. Due to their compact structure and high stability, nanobodies see frequent usage in basic research, and their chemical functionalization opens the way towa...

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Autores principales: Schumacher, Dominik, Helma, Jonas, Schneider, Anselm F. L., Leonhardt, Heinrich, Hackenberger, Christian P. R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5838514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28913971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201708459
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author Schumacher, Dominik
Helma, Jonas
Schneider, Anselm F. L.
Leonhardt, Heinrich
Hackenberger, Christian P. R.
author_facet Schumacher, Dominik
Helma, Jonas
Schneider, Anselm F. L.
Leonhardt, Heinrich
Hackenberger, Christian P. R.
author_sort Schumacher, Dominik
collection PubMed
description Nanobodies can be seen as next‐generation tools for the recognition and modulation of antigens that are inaccessible to conventional antibodies. Due to their compact structure and high stability, nanobodies see frequent usage in basic research, and their chemical functionalization opens the way towards promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this Review, central aspects of nanobody functionalization are presented, together with selected applications. While early conjugation strategies relied on the random modification of natural amino acids, more recent studies have focused on the site‐specific attachment of functional moieties. Such techniques include chemoenzymatic approaches, expressed protein ligation, and amber suppression in combination with bioorthogonal modification strategies. Recent applications range from sophisticated imaging and mass spectrometry to the delivery of nanobodies into living cells for the visualization and manipulation of intracellular antigens.
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spelling pubmed-58385142018-03-12 Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications Schumacher, Dominik Helma, Jonas Schneider, Anselm F. L. Leonhardt, Heinrich Hackenberger, Christian P. R. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl Reviews Nanobodies can be seen as next‐generation tools for the recognition and modulation of antigens that are inaccessible to conventional antibodies. Due to their compact structure and high stability, nanobodies see frequent usage in basic research, and their chemical functionalization opens the way towards promising diagnostic and therapeutic applications. In this Review, central aspects of nanobody functionalization are presented, together with selected applications. While early conjugation strategies relied on the random modification of natural amino acids, more recent studies have focused on the site‐specific attachment of functional moieties. Such techniques include chemoenzymatic approaches, expressed protein ligation, and amber suppression in combination with bioorthogonal modification strategies. Recent applications range from sophisticated imaging and mass spectrometry to the delivery of nanobodies into living cells for the visualization and manipulation of intracellular antigens. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-01-26 2018-02-23 /pmc/articles/PMC5838514/ /pubmed/28913971 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201708459 Text en © 2017 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Reviews
Schumacher, Dominik
Helma, Jonas
Schneider, Anselm F. L.
Leonhardt, Heinrich
Hackenberger, Christian P. R.
Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title_full Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title_fullStr Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title_full_unstemmed Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title_short Nanobodies: Chemical Functionalization Strategies and Intracellular Applications
title_sort nanobodies: chemical functionalization strategies and intracellular applications
topic Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5838514/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28913971
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201708459
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