Cargando…

Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders

Human population is increasing in immense cities with millions of inhabitants, in which life is expected to run 24 hours a day for seven days a week (24/7). Noise and light pollution are the most reported consequences, with a profound impact on sleep patterns and circadian biorhythms. Disruption of...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Carta, MG, Preti, A, Akiskal, HS
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Bentham Open 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5838624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29541149
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010033
_version_ 1783304288320094208
author Carta, MG
Preti, A
Akiskal, HS
author_facet Carta, MG
Preti, A
Akiskal, HS
author_sort Carta, MG
collection PubMed
description Human population is increasing in immense cities with millions of inhabitants, in which life is expected to run 24 hours a day for seven days a week (24/7). Noise and light pollution are the most reported consequences, with a profound impact on sleep patterns and circadian biorhythms. Disruption of sleep and biorhythms has severe consequences on many metabolic pathways. Suppression of melatonin incretion at night and the subsequent effect on DNA methylation may increase the risk of prostate and breast cancer. A negative impact of light pollution on neurosteroids may also affect mood. People who carry the genetic risk of bipolar disorder may be at greater risk of full-blown bipolar disorder because of the impact of noise and light pollution on sleep patterns and circadian biorhythms. However, living in cities may also offers opportunities and might be selective for people with hyperthymic temperament, who may find themselves advantaged by increased energy prompted by increased stimulation produced by life in big cities. This might result in the spreading of the genetic risk of bipolar disorder in the coming decades. In this perspective the burden of poor quality of life, increased disability adjusted life years and premature mortality due to the increases of mood disorders is the negative side of a phenomenon that in its globality also shows adaptive aspects. The new lifestyle also influences those who adapt and show behaviors, reactions and responses that might resemble the disorder, but are on the adaptive side.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-5838624
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2018
publisher Bentham Open
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-58386242018-03-14 Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders Carta, MG Preti, A Akiskal, HS Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health Human population is increasing in immense cities with millions of inhabitants, in which life is expected to run 24 hours a day for seven days a week (24/7). Noise and light pollution are the most reported consequences, with a profound impact on sleep patterns and circadian biorhythms. Disruption of sleep and biorhythms has severe consequences on many metabolic pathways. Suppression of melatonin incretion at night and the subsequent effect on DNA methylation may increase the risk of prostate and breast cancer. A negative impact of light pollution on neurosteroids may also affect mood. People who carry the genetic risk of bipolar disorder may be at greater risk of full-blown bipolar disorder because of the impact of noise and light pollution on sleep patterns and circadian biorhythms. However, living in cities may also offers opportunities and might be selective for people with hyperthymic temperament, who may find themselves advantaged by increased energy prompted by increased stimulation produced by life in big cities. This might result in the spreading of the genetic risk of bipolar disorder in the coming decades. In this perspective the burden of poor quality of life, increased disability adjusted life years and premature mortality due to the increases of mood disorders is the negative side of a phenomenon that in its globality also shows adaptive aspects. The new lifestyle also influences those who adapt and show behaviors, reactions and responses that might resemble the disorder, but are on the adaptive side. Bentham Open 2018-02-28 /pmc/articles/PMC5838624/ /pubmed/29541149 http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010033 Text en © 2018 Carta et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health
Carta, MG
Preti, A
Akiskal, HS
Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title_full Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title_fullStr Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title_short Coping with the New Era: Noise and Light Pollution, Hperactivity and Steroid Hormones. Towards an Evolutionary View of Bipolar Disorders
title_sort coping with the new era: noise and light pollution, hperactivity and steroid hormones. towards an evolutionary view of bipolar disorders
topic Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5838624/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29541149
http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1745017901814010033
work_keys_str_mv AT cartamg copingwiththeneweranoiseandlightpollutionhperactivityandsteroidhormonestowardsanevolutionaryviewofbipolardisorders
AT pretia copingwiththeneweranoiseandlightpollutionhperactivityandsteroidhormonestowardsanevolutionaryviewofbipolardisorders
AT akiskalhs copingwiththeneweranoiseandlightpollutionhperactivityandsteroidhormonestowardsanevolutionaryviewofbipolardisorders