The Renal Pentad

Diabetes management is a comprehensive exercise which encompasses not only glycemic control, but vascular risk reduction as well. Accepted clinical models such as the glycemic pentad and metabolic pentad list the glucose related and metabolic aspects which influence ling term vascular outcomes. This paper describes a ‘renal pentad’ which consists of 5×2 easily measurable parameters, which influence renal outcomes. Renal function, acute health concerns, chronic health concerns, glycemic control and comorbid concerns from the five components of this pentad. The 5 pointed rubric serves as a teaching and clinical tool, and assists in appropriate choice and targets of therapy in diabetic kidney disease.