Efficacy and Safety of Teneligliptin in Indian Patients with Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-blind Study

AIMS: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of teneligliptin in patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a randomized, doubleblind, placebocontrolled, parallelgroup, multicenter, Phase III study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Patients with T2DM and inadequate glycemic control (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c]: >7.0-≤8.5%) were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned (ratio: 2:1) to receive teneligliptin 20 mg (Glenmark) or placebo. The primary efficacy variable was change from baseline in HbA1c at week 16. Additional analyses included the proportion of patients who achieved target of HbA1c ≤7.0%, changes in fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial glucose (PPG). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Mean change in HbA1c was analyzed using an analysis of covariance model, least square (LS) means, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and P values were calculated. RESULTS: Overall, 237 patients were included. Patients of the teneligliptin group showed reduced HbA1c levels (LS mean difference = −0.304% for intent-to-treat [ITT]; −0.291% for per-protocol (PP) populations) after 16 weeks of treatment, and a statistically significant difference was observed between the ITT (LS mean difference = 0.555; 95% CI: 0.176–0.934; P = 0.0043) and PP populations (LS mean difference = 0.642; 95% CI: 0.233–1.052; P = 0.0023). Target HbA1c level was achieved by a greater proportion of teneligliptin group patients (ITT, 43.4%; PP, 43.6%) than placebo group patients (ITT, 27.3%; PP, 26.6%). Reduction in FPG levels was observed in ITT (LS mean difference: 8.829; 95% CI: −4.357–22.016; P = 0.1883) and PP populations (LS mean difference: 11.710 mg/dL; 95% CI: −2.893-26.312; P = 0.1154). Reduction in PPG levels was higher in teneligliptin group than placebo group in both ITT (LS mean difference = 25.849 mg/dL; 95% CI: 7.143–44.556; P = 0.0070) and PP populations (LS mean difference = 25.683 mg/dL; 95% CI: 5.830–45.536; P = 0.0115). Overall, 44 patients (18.6%) experienced at least one adverse event. Three or more hypoglycemic events were experienced by 2.5% patients of teneligliptin group and none in placebo group. CONCLUSION: Treatment with once-daily teneligliptin led to statistically significant and clinically meaningful reductions in HbA1c and PPG, and was well tolerated in Indian patients with T2DM.