Association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ and HLA-DQA1/DQB1 alleles with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ and HLA-DQA1/DQB1 alleles with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH), providing further evidences on the genetic background of this disease. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the relationship of HLA-DQ and/or HLA-DQA1/DQB1 alleles with VKH through PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, and databases for grey literature. The last search was in October 2017. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated from extracted data to access the strength of the association between a genotype and VKH. RESULTS: HLA-DQ4 was confirmed to increase the risk of VKH significantly (OR = 4.63, 95% CI: 1.74–12.31, P = .002), while HLA-DQ1 seemed to reduce VKH occurrence with OR = 0.32 (95% CI: 0.22–0.47, P < .00001). HLA-DQA1∗0301-(OR = 4.52, 95% CI: 1.42–14.35, P = .01) and HLA-DQB1∗0401-(OR = 23.12, 95% CI: 11.54–46.31, P < .00001) positive patients probably had a rising tendency to suffer from VKH. Alleles including HLA-DQA1∗0103, 0401, 0501 and HLA-DQB1∗0301, 0402, 0601, 0603 were significant protective genetic factors. CONCLUSION: We concluded that HLA-DQ4 carriers had a higher risk of VKH and HLA-DQ1 seemed to be protective. People with positive HLA-DQA1∗0301 and HLA-DQB1∗0401 demonstrated to be more susceptible to VKH. HLA-DQA1∗0103, 0401, 0501 and HLA-DQB1∗0301, 0402, 0601, 0603 could be potential protectors.