Cargando…
Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis
BACKGROUND: China has initiated the National Malaria Elimination Action Plan, which aims to eliminate malaria by 2020. However, the transmission of malaria occurs sporadically or in distinct foci, which greatly hampers progress toward elimination in China and other countries. The object of this stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5840925/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29514598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3018-8 |
_version_ | 1783304668170944512 |
---|---|
author | Feng, Jun Tu, Hong Zhang, Li Zhang, Shaosen Jiang, Shan Xia, Zhigui Zhou, Shuisen |
author_facet | Feng, Jun Tu, Hong Zhang, Li Zhang, Shaosen Jiang, Shan Xia, Zhigui Zhou, Shuisen |
author_sort | Feng, Jun |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: China has initiated the National Malaria Elimination Action Plan, which aims to eliminate malaria by 2020. However, the transmission of malaria occurs sporadically or in distinct foci, which greatly hampers progress toward elimination in China and other countries. The object of this study was to foci categorization and evaluates whether the response met the requirements issued by the nation or WHO. METHODS: Residual transmissions were investigated and located with fine spatial resolution mapping from parasitological confirmed malaria cases by use of routine national surveillance data. The “1–3-7” timeframes were monitored for each focus between 2012 and 2015. Each focus was identified, and the application of appropriate measures was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 5996 indigenous cases were recorded between 2010 and 2015; during this period, the number of cases declined by 99.1% (2010, n = 4262; 2015, n = 39). Most indigenous cases (92.5%) were reported in Anhui (n = 2326), Yunnan (n = 1373), Henan (n = 930), Hubei (n = 459), and Guizhou (n = 458). The temporal distribution showed that the indigenous malaria cases were clustered during the period of May to August. A total of 320 foci were carefully investigated and analyzed: 24 were active foci; 72, residual non-active foci; and 224 cleared-up foci. For the foci response evaluation, all the active foci were investigated within 7 days, while 80.2% of the residual non-active foci were responded within 7 days. In addition, reactive case detection (RACD) was carried out with 92.9% of the active foci and vector investigation carried out with 75%. For residual non-active foci, RACD was carried out with 83.2% and vector investigation with 78.2% of the foci. CONCLUSIONS: This study used nationwide data to categorize foci in China and evaluate the response of these areas during the control and elimination phases. Our approach stratifies future control responses by identifying those locations where the elimination of endemic transmission is needed, such as in the counties at the China–Myanmar border and in Tibet. In addition, this study will help local CDC staff to reassess their needs and responses against different types of foci during the elimination and post-elimination phases. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5840925 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58409252018-03-14 Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis Feng, Jun Tu, Hong Zhang, Li Zhang, Shaosen Jiang, Shan Xia, Zhigui Zhou, Shuisen BMC Infect Dis Research Article BACKGROUND: China has initiated the National Malaria Elimination Action Plan, which aims to eliminate malaria by 2020. However, the transmission of malaria occurs sporadically or in distinct foci, which greatly hampers progress toward elimination in China and other countries. The object of this study was to foci categorization and evaluates whether the response met the requirements issued by the nation or WHO. METHODS: Residual transmissions were investigated and located with fine spatial resolution mapping from parasitological confirmed malaria cases by use of routine national surveillance data. The “1–3-7” timeframes were monitored for each focus between 2012 and 2015. Each focus was identified, and the application of appropriate measures was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 5996 indigenous cases were recorded between 2010 and 2015; during this period, the number of cases declined by 99.1% (2010, n = 4262; 2015, n = 39). Most indigenous cases (92.5%) were reported in Anhui (n = 2326), Yunnan (n = 1373), Henan (n = 930), Hubei (n = 459), and Guizhou (n = 458). The temporal distribution showed that the indigenous malaria cases were clustered during the period of May to August. A total of 320 foci were carefully investigated and analyzed: 24 were active foci; 72, residual non-active foci; and 224 cleared-up foci. For the foci response evaluation, all the active foci were investigated within 7 days, while 80.2% of the residual non-active foci were responded within 7 days. In addition, reactive case detection (RACD) was carried out with 92.9% of the active foci and vector investigation carried out with 75%. For residual non-active foci, RACD was carried out with 83.2% and vector investigation with 78.2% of the foci. CONCLUSIONS: This study used nationwide data to categorize foci in China and evaluate the response of these areas during the control and elimination phases. Our approach stratifies future control responses by identifying those locations where the elimination of endemic transmission is needed, such as in the counties at the China–Myanmar border and in Tibet. In addition, this study will help local CDC staff to reassess their needs and responses against different types of foci during the elimination and post-elimination phases. BioMed Central 2018-03-07 /pmc/articles/PMC5840925/ /pubmed/29514598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3018-8 Text en © The Author(s). 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Feng, Jun Tu, Hong Zhang, Li Zhang, Shaosen Jiang, Shan Xia, Zhigui Zhou, Shuisen Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title | Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title_full | Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title_fullStr | Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title_short | Mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the People’s Republic of China, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
title_sort | mapping transmission foci to eliminate malaria in the people’s republic of china, 2010–2015: a retrospective analysis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5840925/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29514598 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3018-8 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fengjun mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT tuhong mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT zhangli mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT zhangshaosen mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT jiangshan mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT xiazhigui mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis AT zhoushuisen mappingtransmissionfocitoeliminatemalariainthepeoplesrepublicofchina20102015aretrospectiveanalysis |