Risk factors for post-colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) coagulation syndrome: a multicenter, prospective, observational study

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common neoplasms and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an effective treatment for early-stage CRC. However, it has been observed that patients undergoing ESD often complain of pain, even if ESD has been successfully performed. Risk factors for such pain still remain unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors for post-colorectal ESD coagulation syndrome (PECS). PATIENTS AND METHODS : This was a prospective multicenter observational trial (UMIN000016781) conducted in 106 of 223 patients who underwent ESD between March 2015 and April 2016. We investigated age, sex, tumor location, ESD operation time, lesion size, duration of hospitalization, and frequency of PECS. We defined PECS as local abdominal pain (evaluated on a visual analogue scale) in the region corresponding to the site of the ESD that occurred within 4 days of the procedure. RESULTS : PECS occurred in 15/106 (14.2 %), and 10 were women ( P = 0.01, OR: 7.74 [1.6 – 36.4]), 7 had lesions in the cecum ( P < 0.001, OR: 20.6 [3.7 – 115.2]), and 9 in whom ESD operation time was > 90 min ( P = 0.002, OR: 10.3 [2.4 – 44.6]). Frequency of deviation from the prescribed clinical path was significantly higher (47 % [7/15] vs. 2 % [2/91], P < 0.001, OR: 38.9 [6.9 – 219.6]), and hospital stay was significantly longer in the PECS group. CONCLUSIONS : Female gender, location of lesion in the cecum, and ESD operation time > 90 minutes were significant risk factors independent of PECS. These findings are important to management of PECS.