Platelet-Targeted Gene Therapy for Hemophilia

Gene therapy is an attractive approach for disease treatment. Since platelets are abundant cells circulating in blood with the distinctive abilities of storage and delivery and fundamental roles in hemostasis and immunity, they could be a unique target for gene therapy of diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that ectopic expression of factor VIII (FVIII) in platelets under control of the platelet-specific promoter results in FVIII storage together with its carrier protein von Willebrand factor (VWF) in α-granules and the phenotypic correction of hemophilia A. Importantly, the storage and sequestration of FVIII in platelets appears to effectively restore hemostasis even in the presence of functional-blocking inhibitory antibodies. This review summarizes studies on platelet-specific gene therapy of hemophilia A as well as hemophilia B.