Cargando…
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive skin cancer with frequent metastasis and death. MCC has a mortality rate of 30%, making it more lethal than malignant melanoma, and incidence of MCC has increased almost fourfold over the past 20 years in the USA. MCC has long been considered to b...
Autor principal: | |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845720/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29560342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00048 |
_version_ | 1783305485241286656 |
---|---|
author | Uchi, Hiroshi |
author_facet | Uchi, Hiroshi |
author_sort | Uchi, Hiroshi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive skin cancer with frequent metastasis and death. MCC has a mortality rate of 30%, making it more lethal than malignant melanoma, and incidence of MCC has increased almost fourfold over the past 20 years in the USA. MCC has long been considered to be an immunogenic cancer because it occurs more frequently in immunosuppressed patients from organ transplant and HIV infection than in those with immunocompetent. Chronic UV light exposure and clonal integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) are two major causative factors of MCC. Approximately 80% of MCC are associated with MCPyV, and T cells specific for MCPyV oncoproteins are present in the blood and tumors of patients. Several studies have shown that a subset of MCCs express PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and express PD-L1 on tumor cells, which suggests an endogenous tumor-reactive immune response that might be unleashed by anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 drugs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5845720 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58457202018-03-20 Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy Uchi, Hiroshi Front Oncol Oncology Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but aggressive skin cancer with frequent metastasis and death. MCC has a mortality rate of 30%, making it more lethal than malignant melanoma, and incidence of MCC has increased almost fourfold over the past 20 years in the USA. MCC has long been considered to be an immunogenic cancer because it occurs more frequently in immunosuppressed patients from organ transplant and HIV infection than in those with immunocompetent. Chronic UV light exposure and clonal integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) are two major causative factors of MCC. Approximately 80% of MCC are associated with MCPyV, and T cells specific for MCPyV oncoproteins are present in the blood and tumors of patients. Several studies have shown that a subset of MCCs express PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and express PD-L1 on tumor cells, which suggests an endogenous tumor-reactive immune response that might be unleashed by anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 drugs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-03-06 /pmc/articles/PMC5845720/ /pubmed/29560342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00048 Text en Copyright © 2018 Uchi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Uchi, Hiroshi Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title | Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title_full | Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title_fullStr | Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title_short | Merkel Cell Carcinoma: An Update and Immunotherapy |
title_sort | merkel cell carcinoma: an update and immunotherapy |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845720/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29560342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2018.00048 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT uchihiroshi merkelcellcarcinomaanupdateandimmunotherapy |