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Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease

Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are known to play paramount role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Innovative sequencing methods have radically expanded our ability to analyze the intestinal microbiome. However, alterations of the GI microbiome in IBD have not yet been fully evaluated. Irregular...

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Autores principales: Patel, Krish, Patel, Amee, Hawes, David, Shah, Janki, Shah, Krishna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5849111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29564058
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author Patel, Krish
Patel, Amee
Hawes, David
Shah, Janki
Shah, Krishna
author_facet Patel, Krish
Patel, Amee
Hawes, David
Shah, Janki
Shah, Krishna
author_sort Patel, Krish
collection PubMed
description Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are known to play paramount role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Innovative sequencing methods have radically expanded our ability to analyze the intestinal microbiome. However, alterations of the GI microbiome in IBD have not yet been fully evaluated. Irregular colonization of the gut has been implicated in chronic intestinal inflammation. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure which aims to restore microbial disturbances to the individual’s gut microbiome. The success of FMT in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has inspired studies to explore transplantation in other conditions such as IBD. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), the two principal manifestations of IBD, are emerging as a worldwide epidemic and are multifactorial in aetiology. There have been various case series in the past looking at the use of FMT in IBD, with a large number of them focusing on UC; however, two new randomized controlled trials shed up-to-date light on the complex interactions between the GI microbiome and patients. Regardless of these new studies, much more remains unknown about the efficacy and safety profile of FMT in IBD, ultimately casting a shadow over its use as a therapeutic intervention in conditions other than CDI. Further researches are necessary to fully evaluate the role of FMT as a management option in IBD. In this review, we discuss and summarize the functions of FMT in IBD, and the relationship between IBD and the GI microbial variations present.
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spelling pubmed-58491112018-03-21 Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease Patel, Krish Patel, Amee Hawes, David Shah, Janki Shah, Krishna Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench Review Article Gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota are known to play paramount role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Innovative sequencing methods have radically expanded our ability to analyze the intestinal microbiome. However, alterations of the GI microbiome in IBD have not yet been fully evaluated. Irregular colonization of the gut has been implicated in chronic intestinal inflammation. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a procedure which aims to restore microbial disturbances to the individual’s gut microbiome. The success of FMT in Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has inspired studies to explore transplantation in other conditions such as IBD. Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), the two principal manifestations of IBD, are emerging as a worldwide epidemic and are multifactorial in aetiology. There have been various case series in the past looking at the use of FMT in IBD, with a large number of them focusing on UC; however, two new randomized controlled trials shed up-to-date light on the complex interactions between the GI microbiome and patients. Regardless of these new studies, much more remains unknown about the efficacy and safety profile of FMT in IBD, ultimately casting a shadow over its use as a therapeutic intervention in conditions other than CDI. Further researches are necessary to fully evaluate the role of FMT as a management option in IBD. In this review, we discuss and summarize the functions of FMT in IBD, and the relationship between IBD and the GI microbial variations present. Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2018 /pmc/articles/PMC5849111/ /pubmed/29564058 Text en ©2018 RIGLD, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Patel, Krish
Patel, Amee
Hawes, David
Shah, Janki
Shah, Krishna
Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title_full Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title_fullStr Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title_full_unstemmed Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title_short Faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
title_sort faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond clostridium difficile infection at inflammatory bowel disease
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5849111/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29564058
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