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Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro

Tectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxopl...

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Autores principales: Dégbé, Mlatovi, Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise, Tété-Bénissan, Amivi, Débare, Héloïse, Aklikokou, Kodjo, Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle, Gbeassor, Messanvi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: EDP Sciences 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5849417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29533762
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018014
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author Dégbé, Mlatovi
Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise
Tété-Bénissan, Amivi
Débare, Héloïse
Aklikokou, Kodjo
Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle
Gbeassor, Messanvi
author_facet Dégbé, Mlatovi
Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise
Tété-Bénissan, Amivi
Débare, Héloïse
Aklikokou, Kodjo
Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle
Gbeassor, Messanvi
author_sort Dégbé, Mlatovi
collection PubMed
description Tectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. Ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves had proportional contents of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This extract presented the highest efficacy against T. gondii, the lowest cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, but moderate anti-oxidant activity compared to other plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of T. grandis bark also had elevated anti-T. gondii activity, low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, and one of the highest anti-oxidant activities. However, the phytochemical content of this extract was not very different from the hydro-ethanolic extract, which had no anti-T. gondii activity. In addition, ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves, but not of T. grandis bark, significantly increased the production of TNF-α and NO by antigen-presenting cells. Both extracts had the tendency to decrease expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules at the surface of antigen-presenting cells, while they did not modulate the percentage of apoptotic cells. A study of signalling pathways would help to determine the mechanisms of action of these plant extracts.
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spelling pubmed-58494172018-03-21 Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro Dégbé, Mlatovi Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise Tété-Bénissan, Amivi Débare, Héloïse Aklikokou, Kodjo Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle Gbeassor, Messanvi Parasite Research Article Tectona grandis (teak) and Vernonia amygdalina (bitter leaf) are plants used in traditional medicine in West Africa. In this study, we tested ethanolic and hydro-ethanolic extracts of bark and leaves of T. grandis and ethanolic extract of leaves of V. amygdalina for their inhibitory effect on Toxoplasma gondii, a protozoan parasite responsible for toxoplasmosis. Ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves had proportional contents of phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This extract presented the highest efficacy against T. gondii, the lowest cytotoxicity to mammalian cells, but moderate anti-oxidant activity compared to other plant extracts. Ethanolic extract of T. grandis bark also had elevated anti-T. gondii activity, low cytotoxicity on mammalian cells, and one of the highest anti-oxidant activities. However, the phytochemical content of this extract was not very different from the hydro-ethanolic extract, which had no anti-T. gondii activity. In addition, ethanolic extract of V. amygdalina leaves, but not of T. grandis bark, significantly increased the production of TNF-α and NO by antigen-presenting cells. Both extracts had the tendency to decrease expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules at the surface of antigen-presenting cells, while they did not modulate the percentage of apoptotic cells. A study of signalling pathways would help to determine the mechanisms of action of these plant extracts. EDP Sciences 2018-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5849417/ /pubmed/29533762 http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018014 Text en © M. Dégbé et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2018 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Dégbé, Mlatovi
Debierre-Grockiego, Françoise
Tété-Bénissan, Amivi
Débare, Héloïse
Aklikokou, Kodjo
Dimier-Poisson, Isabelle
Gbeassor, Messanvi
Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title_full Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title_fullStr Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title_short Extracts of Tectona grandis and Vernonia amygdalina have anti-Toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
title_sort extracts of tectona grandis and vernonia amygdalina have anti-toxoplasma and pro-inflammatory properties in vitro
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5849417/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29533762
http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018014
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