Cargando…
Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission
BACKGROUND: Identifying asymptomatic reservoirs of malaria parasites using index cases as entry points into the community is potentially a cost-effective way towards achieving malaria elimination. METHODS: Within 1 year, 1430 confirmed malaria cases were identified in Marani hospital, western Kenya....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2018
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5851086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29534709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2260-2 |
_version_ | 1783306335746523136 |
---|---|
author | Aidoo, Ebenezer K. Afrane, Yaw A. Machani, Maxwell Gesuge Chebore, Winnie Lawson, Bernard Walter Atieli, Harrysone Kariuki, Simon Lee, Ming-Chieh Koepfli, Cristian Zhou, Guofa Githeko, Andrew K. Yan, Guiyun |
author_facet | Aidoo, Ebenezer K. Afrane, Yaw A. Machani, Maxwell Gesuge Chebore, Winnie Lawson, Bernard Walter Atieli, Harrysone Kariuki, Simon Lee, Ming-Chieh Koepfli, Cristian Zhou, Guofa Githeko, Andrew K. Yan, Guiyun |
author_sort | Aidoo, Ebenezer K. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Identifying asymptomatic reservoirs of malaria parasites using index cases as entry points into the community is potentially a cost-effective way towards achieving malaria elimination. METHODS: Within 1 year, 1430 confirmed malaria cases were identified in Marani hospital, western Kenya. Fifty cases were followed up, and 108 index case household members and 612 neighbours within a 100 m radius were screened. As controls, samples were collected from 510 individuals matched with index cases and located at a distance of ≥ 500 m from them. Infections were diagnosed by microscopy and PCR while simultaneously collecting malaria vectors indoor using pyrethrum spray catches. RESULTS: In the index case and neighbour households, the prevalence of infection was approximately twice as high as in control households (by PCR: index cases households: 28.9%, neighbours: 25.3%, matched controls: 12.9%). In index case households, the indoor vector density (Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus) was higher (0.46 female/house/night) than in neighbouring (0.31 f/h/n) and control houses (0.29 f/h/n). CONCLUSIONS: Screening index case households and neighbours approximately doubles the chance to detect asymptomatic infections compared to randomly selected households. However, even if all cases were followed up, only a small proportion (˂ 10%) of the asymptomatic reservoir in the population would have been identified. Control programmes need to weigh the increased chance to find cases around index cases vs. the logistical challenges to target this subgroup within the population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5851086 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58510862018-03-21 Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission Aidoo, Ebenezer K. Afrane, Yaw A. Machani, Maxwell Gesuge Chebore, Winnie Lawson, Bernard Walter Atieli, Harrysone Kariuki, Simon Lee, Ming-Chieh Koepfli, Cristian Zhou, Guofa Githeko, Andrew K. Yan, Guiyun Malar J Research BACKGROUND: Identifying asymptomatic reservoirs of malaria parasites using index cases as entry points into the community is potentially a cost-effective way towards achieving malaria elimination. METHODS: Within 1 year, 1430 confirmed malaria cases were identified in Marani hospital, western Kenya. Fifty cases were followed up, and 108 index case household members and 612 neighbours within a 100 m radius were screened. As controls, samples were collected from 510 individuals matched with index cases and located at a distance of ≥ 500 m from them. Infections were diagnosed by microscopy and PCR while simultaneously collecting malaria vectors indoor using pyrethrum spray catches. RESULTS: In the index case and neighbour households, the prevalence of infection was approximately twice as high as in control households (by PCR: index cases households: 28.9%, neighbours: 25.3%, matched controls: 12.9%). In index case households, the indoor vector density (Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus) was higher (0.46 female/house/night) than in neighbouring (0.31 f/h/n) and control houses (0.29 f/h/n). CONCLUSIONS: Screening index case households and neighbours approximately doubles the chance to detect asymptomatic infections compared to randomly selected households. However, even if all cases were followed up, only a small proportion (˂ 10%) of the asymptomatic reservoir in the population would have been identified. Control programmes need to weigh the increased chance to find cases around index cases vs. the logistical challenges to target this subgroup within the population. BioMed Central 2018-03-13 /pmc/articles/PMC5851086/ /pubmed/29534709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2260-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2018 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Aidoo, Ebenezer K. Afrane, Yaw A. Machani, Maxwell Gesuge Chebore, Winnie Lawson, Bernard Walter Atieli, Harrysone Kariuki, Simon Lee, Ming-Chieh Koepfli, Cristian Zhou, Guofa Githeko, Andrew K. Yan, Guiyun Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title | Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title_full | Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title_fullStr | Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title_full_unstemmed | Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title_short | Reactive case detection of Plasmodium falciparum in western Kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
title_sort | reactive case detection of plasmodium falciparum in western kenya highlands: effective in identifying additional cases, yet limited effect on transmission |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5851086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29534709 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2260-2 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT aidooebenezerk reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT afraneyawa reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT machanimaxwellgesuge reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT cheborewinnie reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT lawsonbernardwalter reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT atieliharrysone reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT kariukisimon reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT leemingchieh reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT koepflicristian reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT zhouguofa reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT githekoandrewk reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission AT yanguiyun reactivecasedetectionofplasmodiumfalciparuminwesternkenyahighlandseffectiveinidentifyingadditionalcasesyetlimitedeffectontransmission |