Complete fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine without neurological deficit: A case report and review of the literature

RATIONALE: Traumatic fracture of the thoracolumbar junction (T10–L2) is the most common fracture of the spinal column. Due to the disruption of the entire vertebrae column, the fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine is almost invariably associated with neurological injury. A complete fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar spine without neurological deficit is a rare entity. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 38-year-old man presented with severe low back pain after an accident when he was building a house. Comprehensive neurological examinations revealed intact neurological function. DIAGNOSES: The plain X-ray and computed tomography revealed a complete facture-dislocation of the L1 to L2 vertebrae. INTERVENTIONS: The patient underwent posterior reduction and internal fixation with screws and rods. OUTCOMES: The neurological function was preserved postoperatively. The patient returned to work after 6 months. LESSONS: Early diagnosis is important before performing any dangerous maneuvers. Given the results of this case and the relevant literature, the prognosis of these patients is promising following surgical intervention.