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Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease caused by the malignant proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells, whose pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Although a large fraction of the genome is actively transcribed, most of the transcripts do not serve as templates for proteins and are referre...

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Autores principales: Nobili, Lucia, Ronchetti, Domenica, Agnelli, Luca, Taiana, Elisa, Vinci, Cristina, Neri, Antonino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29389884
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9020069
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author Nobili, Lucia
Ronchetti, Domenica
Agnelli, Luca
Taiana, Elisa
Vinci, Cristina
Neri, Antonino
author_facet Nobili, Lucia
Ronchetti, Domenica
Agnelli, Luca
Taiana, Elisa
Vinci, Cristina
Neri, Antonino
author_sort Nobili, Lucia
collection PubMed
description Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease caused by the malignant proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells, whose pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Although a large fraction of the genome is actively transcribed, most of the transcripts do not serve as templates for proteins and are referred to as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), broadly divided into short and long transcripts on the basis of a 200-nucleotide threshold. Short ncRNAs, especially microRNAs, have crucial roles in virtually all types of cancer, including MM, and have gained importance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, predicting the response to therapy and, notably, as innovative therapeutic targets. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a very heterogeneous group, involved in many physiological cellular and genomic processes as well as in carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and invasion. LncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers, including hematological malignancies, showing either oncogenic or tumor suppressive functions. However, the mechanisms of the related disease-causing events are not yet revealed in most cases. Besides emerging as key players in cancer initiation and progression, lncRNAs own many interesting features as biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic importance and, possibly, for their utility in therapeutic terms as druggable molecules. This review focuses on the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of MM and summarizes the recent literature.
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spelling pubmed-58525652018-03-19 Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma Nobili, Lucia Ronchetti, Domenica Agnelli, Luca Taiana, Elisa Vinci, Cristina Neri, Antonino Genes (Basel) Review Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable disease caused by the malignant proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells, whose pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Although a large fraction of the genome is actively transcribed, most of the transcripts do not serve as templates for proteins and are referred to as non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), broadly divided into short and long transcripts on the basis of a 200-nucleotide threshold. Short ncRNAs, especially microRNAs, have crucial roles in virtually all types of cancer, including MM, and have gained importance in cancer diagnosis and prognosis, predicting the response to therapy and, notably, as innovative therapeutic targets. Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are a very heterogeneous group, involved in many physiological cellular and genomic processes as well as in carcinogenesis, cancer metastasis, and invasion. LncRNAs are aberrantly expressed in various types of cancers, including hematological malignancies, showing either oncogenic or tumor suppressive functions. However, the mechanisms of the related disease-causing events are not yet revealed in most cases. Besides emerging as key players in cancer initiation and progression, lncRNAs own many interesting features as biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic importance and, possibly, for their utility in therapeutic terms as druggable molecules. This review focuses on the role of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of MM and summarizes the recent literature. MDPI 2018-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC5852565/ /pubmed/29389884 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9020069 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Nobili, Lucia
Ronchetti, Domenica
Agnelli, Luca
Taiana, Elisa
Vinci, Cristina
Neri, Antonino
Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title_full Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title_fullStr Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title_full_unstemmed Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title_short Long Non-Coding RNAs in Multiple Myeloma
title_sort long non-coding rnas in multiple myeloma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852565/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29389884
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9020069
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