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Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US
Snacking is common in children and influenced by many factors. The aim of this study is to provide insight of both common and country-specific characteristics of snacking among 4–13 year old children. We analyzed snacking prevalence, energy and nutrient contributions from snacking across diverse cul...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10020198 |
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author | Wang, Dantong van der Horst, Klazine Jacquier, Emma F. Afeiche, Myriam C. Eldridge, Alison L. |
author_facet | Wang, Dantong van der Horst, Klazine Jacquier, Emma F. Afeiche, Myriam C. Eldridge, Alison L. |
author_sort | Wang, Dantong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Snacking is common in children and influenced by many factors. The aim of this study is to provide insight of both common and country-specific characteristics of snacking among 4–13 year old children. We analyzed snacking prevalence, energy and nutrient contributions from snacking across diverse cultures and regions, represented by Australia, China, Mexico, and the US using data from respective national surveys. We found that the highest prevalence of snacking was in Australia and the US (over 95%) where snacking provided one-third and one-quarter of total energy intake (TEI), respectively, followed by Mexico (76%, provided 15% TEI) and China (65%, provided 10% TEI). Compared to 4–8 year-olds, the consumption of fruits and milk was lower in 9–13 year-old children, with a trend of increasing savory snacks consumption in China, Mexico, and the US. The nutrient density index of added sugars and saturated fat was higher, especially in Australia, Mexico, and the US. Results suggested that snacking could be an occasion to promote fruit and vegetable consumption in all countries, especially for older children. Snacking guidelines should focus on reducing consumption of snacks high in saturated fat and added sugars for Australia, Mexico, and the US, whereas improving dairy consumption is important in China. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5852774 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58527742018-03-19 Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US Wang, Dantong van der Horst, Klazine Jacquier, Emma F. Afeiche, Myriam C. Eldridge, Alison L. Nutrients Article Snacking is common in children and influenced by many factors. The aim of this study is to provide insight of both common and country-specific characteristics of snacking among 4–13 year old children. We analyzed snacking prevalence, energy and nutrient contributions from snacking across diverse cultures and regions, represented by Australia, China, Mexico, and the US using data from respective national surveys. We found that the highest prevalence of snacking was in Australia and the US (over 95%) where snacking provided one-third and one-quarter of total energy intake (TEI), respectively, followed by Mexico (76%, provided 15% TEI) and China (65%, provided 10% TEI). Compared to 4–8 year-olds, the consumption of fruits and milk was lower in 9–13 year-old children, with a trend of increasing savory snacks consumption in China, Mexico, and the US. The nutrient density index of added sugars and saturated fat was higher, especially in Australia, Mexico, and the US. Results suggested that snacking could be an occasion to promote fruit and vegetable consumption in all countries, especially for older children. Snacking guidelines should focus on reducing consumption of snacks high in saturated fat and added sugars for Australia, Mexico, and the US, whereas improving dairy consumption is important in China. MDPI 2018-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC5852774/ /pubmed/29439472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10020198 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wang, Dantong van der Horst, Klazine Jacquier, Emma F. Afeiche, Myriam C. Eldridge, Alison L. Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title | Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title_full | Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title_fullStr | Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title_full_unstemmed | Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title_short | Snacking Patterns in Children: A Comparison between Australia, China, Mexico, and the US |
title_sort | snacking patterns in children: a comparison between australia, china, mexico, and the us |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5852774/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439472 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10020198 |
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