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Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility
The transmission of tuberculosis is complex. Necessary factors include a source case with respiratory disease that has developed sufficiently for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to be present in the airways. Viable bacilli must then be released as an aerosol via the respiratory tract of the source case....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2017
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5853924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29112746 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix361 |
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author | Turner, Richard D Chiu, Christopher Churchyard, Gavin J Esmail, Hanif Lewinsohn, David M Gandhi, Neel R Fennelly, Kevin P |
author_facet | Turner, Richard D Chiu, Christopher Churchyard, Gavin J Esmail, Hanif Lewinsohn, David M Gandhi, Neel R Fennelly, Kevin P |
author_sort | Turner, Richard D |
collection | PubMed |
description | The transmission of tuberculosis is complex. Necessary factors include a source case with respiratory disease that has developed sufficiently for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to be present in the airways. Viable bacilli must then be released as an aerosol via the respiratory tract of the source case. This is presumed to occur predominantly by coughing but may also happen by other means. Airborne bacilli must be capable of surviving in the external environment before inhalation into a new potential host—steps influenced by ambient conditions and crowding and by M. tuberculosis itself. Innate and adaptive host defenses will then influence whether new infection results; a process that is difficult to study owing to a paucity of animal models and an inability to measure infection directly. This review offers an overview of these steps and highlights the many gaps in knowledge that remain. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5853924 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2017 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58539242018-11-03 Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility Turner, Richard D Chiu, Christopher Churchyard, Gavin J Esmail, Hanif Lewinsohn, David M Gandhi, Neel R Fennelly, Kevin P J Infect Dis Supplement Articles The transmission of tuberculosis is complex. Necessary factors include a source case with respiratory disease that has developed sufficiently for Mycobacterium tuberculosis to be present in the airways. Viable bacilli must then be released as an aerosol via the respiratory tract of the source case. This is presumed to occur predominantly by coughing but may also happen by other means. Airborne bacilli must be capable of surviving in the external environment before inhalation into a new potential host—steps influenced by ambient conditions and crowding and by M. tuberculosis itself. Innate and adaptive host defenses will then influence whether new infection results; a process that is difficult to study owing to a paucity of animal models and an inability to measure infection directly. This review offers an overview of these steps and highlights the many gaps in knowledge that remain. Oxford University Press 2017-10-01 2017-11-03 /pmc/articles/PMC5853924/ /pubmed/29112746 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix361 Text en © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO (CC BY 3.0 IGO) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/) which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Supplement Articles Turner, Richard D Chiu, Christopher Churchyard, Gavin J Esmail, Hanif Lewinsohn, David M Gandhi, Neel R Fennelly, Kevin P Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title | Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title_full | Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title_fullStr | Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title_full_unstemmed | Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title_short | Tuberculosis Infectiousness and Host Susceptibility |
title_sort | tuberculosis infectiousness and host susceptibility |
topic | Supplement Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5853924/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29112746 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix361 |
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