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Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter
In this paper, a dual-branch topology driven by a Delta-Sigma Modulator (DSM) with a complex quantizer, also known as the Complex Delta Sigma Modulator (CxDSM), with a 3-level quantized output signal is proposed. By de-multiplexing the 3-level Delta-Sigma-quantized signal into two bi-level streams,...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855330/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29461470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18020626 |
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author | Ben Arfi, Anis Elsayed, Fahmi Aflaki, Pouya M. Morris, Brad Ghannouchi, Fadhel M. |
author_facet | Ben Arfi, Anis Elsayed, Fahmi Aflaki, Pouya M. Morris, Brad Ghannouchi, Fadhel M. |
author_sort | Ben Arfi, Anis |
collection | PubMed |
description | In this paper, a dual-branch topology driven by a Delta-Sigma Modulator (DSM) with a complex quantizer, also known as the Complex Delta Sigma Modulator (CxDSM), with a 3-level quantized output signal is proposed. By de-multiplexing the 3-level Delta-Sigma-quantized signal into two bi-level streams, an efficiency enhancement over the operational frequency range is achieved. The de-multiplexed signals drive a dual-branch amplification block composed of two switch-mode back-to-back power amplifiers working at peak power. A signal processing technique known as quantization noise reduction with In-band Filtering (QNRIF) is applied to each of the de-multiplexed streams to boost the overall performances; particularly the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). After amplification, the two branches are combined using a non-isolated combiner, preserving the efficiency of the transmitter. A comprehensive study on the operation of this topology and signal characteristics used to drive the dual-branch Switch-Mode Power Amplifiers (SMPAs) was established. Moreover, this work proposes a highly efficient design of the amplification block based on a back-to-back power topology performing a dynamic load modulation exploiting the non-overlapping properties of the de-multiplexed Complex DSM signal. For experimental validation, the proposed de-multiplexed 3-level Delta-Sigma topology was implemented on the BEEcube™ platform followed by the back-to-back Class-E switch-mode power amplification block. The full transceiver is assessed using a 4th-Generation mobile communications standard LTE (Long Term Evolution) standard 1.4 MHz signal with a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of 8 dB. The dual-branch topology exhibited a good linearity and a coding efficiency of the transmitter chain higher than 72% across the band of frequency from 1.8 GHz to 2.7 GHz. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5855330 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58553302018-03-20 Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter Ben Arfi, Anis Elsayed, Fahmi Aflaki, Pouya M. Morris, Brad Ghannouchi, Fadhel M. Sensors (Basel) Article In this paper, a dual-branch topology driven by a Delta-Sigma Modulator (DSM) with a complex quantizer, also known as the Complex Delta Sigma Modulator (CxDSM), with a 3-level quantized output signal is proposed. By de-multiplexing the 3-level Delta-Sigma-quantized signal into two bi-level streams, an efficiency enhancement over the operational frequency range is achieved. The de-multiplexed signals drive a dual-branch amplification block composed of two switch-mode back-to-back power amplifiers working at peak power. A signal processing technique known as quantization noise reduction with In-band Filtering (QNRIF) is applied to each of the de-multiplexed streams to boost the overall performances; particularly the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). After amplification, the two branches are combined using a non-isolated combiner, preserving the efficiency of the transmitter. A comprehensive study on the operation of this topology and signal characteristics used to drive the dual-branch Switch-Mode Power Amplifiers (SMPAs) was established. Moreover, this work proposes a highly efficient design of the amplification block based on a back-to-back power topology performing a dynamic load modulation exploiting the non-overlapping properties of the de-multiplexed Complex DSM signal. For experimental validation, the proposed de-multiplexed 3-level Delta-Sigma topology was implemented on the BEEcube™ platform followed by the back-to-back Class-E switch-mode power amplification block. The full transceiver is assessed using a 4th-Generation mobile communications standard LTE (Long Term Evolution) standard 1.4 MHz signal with a peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of 8 dB. The dual-branch topology exhibited a good linearity and a coding efficiency of the transmitter chain higher than 72% across the band of frequency from 1.8 GHz to 2.7 GHz. MDPI 2018-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC5855330/ /pubmed/29461470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18020626 Text en © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Ben Arfi, Anis Elsayed, Fahmi Aflaki, Pouya M. Morris, Brad Ghannouchi, Fadhel M. Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title | Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title_full | Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title_fullStr | Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title_full_unstemmed | Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title_short | Three-Level De-Multiplexed Dual-Branch Complex Delta-Sigma Transmitter |
title_sort | three-level de-multiplexed dual-branch complex delta-sigma transmitter |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5855330/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29461470 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18020626 |
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