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Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designed to reduce threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning from anthropogenic activities. Assessment of MPAs effectiveness requires synchronous sampling of protected and non-protected areas at multiple spatial and temporal scales. We used an autonomous und...

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Autores principales: Ferrari, Renata, Marzinelli, Ezequiel M., Ayroza, Camila Rezende, Jordan, Alan, Figueira, Will F., Byrne, Maria, Malcolm, Hamish A., Williams, Stefan B., Steinberg, Peter D.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547656
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193711
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author Ferrari, Renata
Marzinelli, Ezequiel M.
Ayroza, Camila Rezende
Jordan, Alan
Figueira, Will F.
Byrne, Maria
Malcolm, Hamish A.
Williams, Stefan B.
Steinberg, Peter D.
author_facet Ferrari, Renata
Marzinelli, Ezequiel M.
Ayroza, Camila Rezende
Jordan, Alan
Figueira, Will F.
Byrne, Maria
Malcolm, Hamish A.
Williams, Stefan B.
Steinberg, Peter D.
author_sort Ferrari, Renata
collection PubMed
description Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designed to reduce threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning from anthropogenic activities. Assessment of MPAs effectiveness requires synchronous sampling of protected and non-protected areas at multiple spatial and temporal scales. We used an autonomous underwater vehicle to map benthic communities in replicate ‘no-take’ and ‘general-use’ (fishing allowed) zones within three MPAs along 7(o) of latitude. We recorded 92 taxa and 38 morpho-groups across three large MPAs. We found that important habitat-forming biota (e.g. massive sponges) were more prevalent and abundant in no-take zones, while short ephemeral algae were more abundant in general-use zones, suggesting potential short-term effects of zoning (5–10 years). Yet, short-term effects of zoning were not detected at the community level (community structure or composition), while community structure varied significantly among MPAs. We conclude that by allowing rapid, simultaneous assessments at multiple spatial scales, autonomous underwater vehicles are useful to document changes in marine communities and identify adequate scales to manage them. This study advanced knowledge of marine benthic communities and their conservation in three ways. First, we quantified benthic biodiversity and abundance, generating the first baseline of these benthic communities against which the effectiveness of three large MPAs can be assessed. Second, we identified the taxonomic resolution necessary to assess both short and long-term effects of MPAs, concluding that coarse taxonomic resolution is sufficient given that analyses of community structure at different taxonomic levels were generally consistent. Yet, observed differences were taxa-specific and may have not been evident using our broader taxonomic classifications, a classification of mid to high taxonomic resolution may be necessary to determine zoning effects on key taxa. Third, we provide an example of statistical analyses and sampling design that once temporal sampling is incorporated will be useful to detect changes of marine benthic communities across multiple spatial and temporal scales.
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spelling pubmed-58563502018-03-28 Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle Ferrari, Renata Marzinelli, Ezequiel M. Ayroza, Camila Rezende Jordan, Alan Figueira, Will F. Byrne, Maria Malcolm, Hamish A. Williams, Stefan B. Steinberg, Peter D. PLoS One Research Article Marine protected areas (MPAs) are designed to reduce threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning from anthropogenic activities. Assessment of MPAs effectiveness requires synchronous sampling of protected and non-protected areas at multiple spatial and temporal scales. We used an autonomous underwater vehicle to map benthic communities in replicate ‘no-take’ and ‘general-use’ (fishing allowed) zones within three MPAs along 7(o) of latitude. We recorded 92 taxa and 38 morpho-groups across three large MPAs. We found that important habitat-forming biota (e.g. massive sponges) were more prevalent and abundant in no-take zones, while short ephemeral algae were more abundant in general-use zones, suggesting potential short-term effects of zoning (5–10 years). Yet, short-term effects of zoning were not detected at the community level (community structure or composition), while community structure varied significantly among MPAs. We conclude that by allowing rapid, simultaneous assessments at multiple spatial scales, autonomous underwater vehicles are useful to document changes in marine communities and identify adequate scales to manage them. This study advanced knowledge of marine benthic communities and their conservation in three ways. First, we quantified benthic biodiversity and abundance, generating the first baseline of these benthic communities against which the effectiveness of three large MPAs can be assessed. Second, we identified the taxonomic resolution necessary to assess both short and long-term effects of MPAs, concluding that coarse taxonomic resolution is sufficient given that analyses of community structure at different taxonomic levels were generally consistent. Yet, observed differences were taxa-specific and may have not been evident using our broader taxonomic classifications, a classification of mid to high taxonomic resolution may be necessary to determine zoning effects on key taxa. Third, we provide an example of statistical analyses and sampling design that once temporal sampling is incorporated will be useful to detect changes of marine benthic communities across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Public Library of Science 2018-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5856350/ /pubmed/29547656 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193711 Text en © 2018 Ferrari et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ferrari, Renata
Marzinelli, Ezequiel M.
Ayroza, Camila Rezende
Jordan, Alan
Figueira, Will F.
Byrne, Maria
Malcolm, Hamish A.
Williams, Stefan B.
Steinberg, Peter D.
Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title_full Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title_fullStr Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title_full_unstemmed Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title_short Large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
title_sort large-scale assessment of benthic communities across multiple marine protected areas using an autonomous underwater vehicle
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5856350/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29547656
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0193711
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