The Effect of Tai Chi Exercise on the Risk and Fear of Falling in Older Adults: a Randomized Clinical Trial

BACKGROUND: Falling and fear of falling are among the most common problems of the elderly, which can cause illness, isolation, dependency and reduced quality of life in elderly. Exercise is recommended to prevent falling injuries in the elderly. AIM: This study aimed to examine the effect of Tai Chi exercise on the risk and fear of falling in older adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this randomized clinical trial, a total of 60 male and female elderly were randomly divided into two groups: Tai Chi exercise and control (daily activities) groups. Tai Chi exercise protocol in the intervention group consisted of 3 sessions per week for 10 weeks. The risk and fear of falling were assessed in subjects by using standardized questionnaires, including Berg’s Balance Scale and Fall Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) before initiating the protocol, at the end of 4(th), 8(th) weeks and at the end of exercise period. RESULTS: Two groups were matched in terms of age, gender, education, and body mass index. Baseline values of risk of falling and fear of falling were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). The score of fear of falling at the end of 4(th), 8(th) weeks and at the end of exercise period was significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05) and it decreased in the intervention group, but the risk of falling reduced after 8 and 10 weeks in the intervention group (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Performing Tai Chi exercises for at least four weeks could reduce fear of falling and reduce the risk of falls in older adults after 8 weeks.