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11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain

Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones act on the brain to regulate diverse functions, from behavior and homeostasis to the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Local regeneration and metabolism of GCs can occur in target tissues through the actions of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases [11...

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Autores principales: Rensel, Michelle A., Ding, Jessica A., Pradhan, Devaleena S., Schlinger, Barney A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857549/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29593652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00086
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author Rensel, Michelle A.
Ding, Jessica A.
Pradhan, Devaleena S.
Schlinger, Barney A.
author_facet Rensel, Michelle A.
Ding, Jessica A.
Pradhan, Devaleena S.
Schlinger, Barney A.
author_sort Rensel, Michelle A.
collection PubMed
description Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones act on the brain to regulate diverse functions, from behavior and homeostasis to the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Local regeneration and metabolism of GCs can occur in target tissues through the actions of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases [11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), respectively] to regulate access to GC receptors. Songbirds have become especially important model organisms for studies of stress hormone action; however, there has been little focus on neural GC metabolism. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 are expressed in GC-sensitive regions of the songbird brain. Localization of 11β-HSD expression in these regions could provide precise temporal and spatial control over GC actions. We quantified GC sensitivity in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) brain by measuring glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression across six regions, followed by quantification of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 expression. We detected GR, MR, and 11β-HSD2 mRNA expression throughout the adult brain. Whereas 11β-HSD1 expression was undetectable in the adult brain, we detected low levels of expression in the brain of developing finches. Across several adult brain regions, expression of 11β-HSD2 covaried with GR and MR, with the exception of the cerebellum and hippocampus. It is possible that receptors in these latter two regions require direct access to systemic GC levels. Overall, these results suggest that 11β-HSD2 expression protects the adult songbird brain by rapid metabolism of GCs in a context and region-specific manner.
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spelling pubmed-58575492018-03-28 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain Rensel, Michelle A. Ding, Jessica A. Pradhan, Devaleena S. Schlinger, Barney A. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) Endocrinology Glucocorticoid (GC) hormones act on the brain to regulate diverse functions, from behavior and homeostasis to the activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Local regeneration and metabolism of GCs can occur in target tissues through the actions of the 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases [11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11β-HSD2), respectively] to regulate access to GC receptors. Songbirds have become especially important model organisms for studies of stress hormone action; however, there has been little focus on neural GC metabolism. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 are expressed in GC-sensitive regions of the songbird brain. Localization of 11β-HSD expression in these regions could provide precise temporal and spatial control over GC actions. We quantified GC sensitivity in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) brain by measuring glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) expression across six regions, followed by quantification of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 expression. We detected GR, MR, and 11β-HSD2 mRNA expression throughout the adult brain. Whereas 11β-HSD1 expression was undetectable in the adult brain, we detected low levels of expression in the brain of developing finches. Across several adult brain regions, expression of 11β-HSD2 covaried with GR and MR, with the exception of the cerebellum and hippocampus. It is possible that receptors in these latter two regions require direct access to systemic GC levels. Overall, these results suggest that 11β-HSD2 expression protects the adult songbird brain by rapid metabolism of GCs in a context and region-specific manner. Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC5857549/ /pubmed/29593652 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00086 Text en Copyright © 2018 Rensel, Ding, Pradhan and Schlinger. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Endocrinology
Rensel, Michelle A.
Ding, Jessica A.
Pradhan, Devaleena S.
Schlinger, Barney A.
11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title_full 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title_fullStr 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title_full_unstemmed 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title_short 11β-HSD Types 1 and 2 in the Songbird Brain
title_sort 11β-hsd types 1 and 2 in the songbird brain
topic Endocrinology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857549/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29593652
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00086
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