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Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence

OBJECTIVES: To determine the contemporary effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in terms of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions. DATA SOURCES: Studies included in or meeting the entry criteria for the 2016 Cochrane review of exercise-based CR i...

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Autores principales: Powell, Richard, McGregor, Gordon, Ennis, Stuart, Kimani, Peter K, Underwood, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BMJ Publishing Group 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857699/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29540415
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019656
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author Powell, Richard
McGregor, Gordon
Ennis, Stuart
Kimani, Peter K
Underwood, Martin
author_facet Powell, Richard
McGregor, Gordon
Ennis, Stuart
Kimani, Peter K
Underwood, Martin
author_sort Powell, Richard
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: To determine the contemporary effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in terms of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions. DATA SOURCES: Studies included in or meeting the entry criteria for the 2016 Cochrane review of exercise-based CR in patients with coronary artery disease. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise-based CR versus a no-exercise control whose participants were recruited after the year 2000. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Two separate reviewers independently screened the characteristics of studies. One reviewer quality appraised any new studies and assessed their risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration’s recommended risk of bias tool. Data were reported as the risk difference (95% CI). RESULTS: We included 22 studies with 4834 participants (mean age 59.5 years, 78.4% male). We found no differences in outcomes between exercise-based CR and a no-exercise control at their longest follow-up period for: all-cause mortality (19 studies; n=4194; risk difference 0.00, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.01, P=0.38) or cardiovascular mortality (9 studies; n=1182; risk difference −0.01, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.01, P=0.25). We found a small reduction in hospital admissions of borderline statistical significance (11 studies; n=1768; risk difference −0.05, 95% CI −0.10 to −0.00, P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS: Our analysis indicates conclusively that the current approach to exercise-based CR has no effect on all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality, when compared with a no-exercise control. There may be a small reduction in hospital admissions following exercise-based CR that is unlikely to be clinically important. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42017073616.
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spelling pubmed-58576992018-03-20 Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence Powell, Richard McGregor, Gordon Ennis, Stuart Kimani, Peter K Underwood, Martin BMJ Open Rehabilitation Medicine OBJECTIVES: To determine the contemporary effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) in terms of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality and hospital admissions. DATA SOURCES: Studies included in or meeting the entry criteria for the 2016 Cochrane review of exercise-based CR in patients with coronary artery disease. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of exercise-based CR versus a no-exercise control whose participants were recruited after the year 2000. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: Two separate reviewers independently screened the characteristics of studies. One reviewer quality appraised any new studies and assessed their risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration’s recommended risk of bias tool. Data were reported as the risk difference (95% CI). RESULTS: We included 22 studies with 4834 participants (mean age 59.5 years, 78.4% male). We found no differences in outcomes between exercise-based CR and a no-exercise control at their longest follow-up period for: all-cause mortality (19 studies; n=4194; risk difference 0.00, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.01, P=0.38) or cardiovascular mortality (9 studies; n=1182; risk difference −0.01, 95% CI −0.02 to 0.01, P=0.25). We found a small reduction in hospital admissions of borderline statistical significance (11 studies; n=1768; risk difference −0.05, 95% CI −0.10 to −0.00, P=0.05). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS: Our analysis indicates conclusively that the current approach to exercise-based CR has no effect on all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality, when compared with a no-exercise control. There may be a small reduction in hospital admissions following exercise-based CR that is unlikely to be clinically important. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42017073616. BMJ Publishing Group 2018-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC5857699/ /pubmed/29540415 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019656 Text en © Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
spellingShingle Rehabilitation Medicine
Powell, Richard
McGregor, Gordon
Ennis, Stuart
Kimani, Peter K
Underwood, Martin
Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title_full Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title_fullStr Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title_full_unstemmed Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title_short Is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? A systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
title_sort is exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation effective? a systematic review and meta-analysis to re-examine the evidence
topic Rehabilitation Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857699/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29540415
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019656
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