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Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a high-resolution biological imaging method, whereby biological samples, such as purified proteins, macromolecular complexes, viral particles, organelles and cells, are embedded in vitreous ice preserving their native structures. Due to sensit...

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Autor principal: Huiskonen, Juha T.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439140
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170203
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author Huiskonen, Juha T.
author_facet Huiskonen, Juha T.
author_sort Huiskonen, Juha T.
collection PubMed
description Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a high-resolution biological imaging method, whereby biological samples, such as purified proteins, macromolecular complexes, viral particles, organelles and cells, are embedded in vitreous ice preserving their native structures. Due to sensitivity of biological materials to the electron beam of the microscope, only relatively low electron doses can be applied during imaging. As a result, the signal arising from the structure of interest is overpowered by noise in the images. To increase the signal-to-noise ratio, different image processing-based strategies that aim at coherent averaging of signal have been devised. In such strategies, images are generally assumed to arise from multiple identical copies of the structure. Prior to averaging, the images must be grouped according to the view of the structure they represent and images representing the same view must be simultaneously aligned relatively to each other. For computational reconstruction of the 3D structure, images must contain different views of the original structure. Structures with multiple symmetry-related substructures are advantageous in averaging approaches because each image provides multiple views of the substructures. However, the symmetry assumption may be valid for only parts of the structure, leading to incoherent averaging of the other parts. Several image processing approaches have been adapted to tackle symmetry-mismatched substructures with increasing success. Such structures are ubiquitous in nature and further computational method development is needed to understanding their biological functions.
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spelling pubmed-58579072018-03-29 Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes Huiskonen, Juha T. Biosci Rep Review Articles Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a high-resolution biological imaging method, whereby biological samples, such as purified proteins, macromolecular complexes, viral particles, organelles and cells, are embedded in vitreous ice preserving their native structures. Due to sensitivity of biological materials to the electron beam of the microscope, only relatively low electron doses can be applied during imaging. As a result, the signal arising from the structure of interest is overpowered by noise in the images. To increase the signal-to-noise ratio, different image processing-based strategies that aim at coherent averaging of signal have been devised. In such strategies, images are generally assumed to arise from multiple identical copies of the structure. Prior to averaging, the images must be grouped according to the view of the structure they represent and images representing the same view must be simultaneously aligned relatively to each other. For computational reconstruction of the 3D structure, images must contain different views of the original structure. Structures with multiple symmetry-related substructures are advantageous in averaging approaches because each image provides multiple views of the substructures. However, the symmetry assumption may be valid for only parts of the structure, leading to incoherent averaging of the other parts. Several image processing approaches have been adapted to tackle symmetry-mismatched substructures with increasing success. Such structures are ubiquitous in nature and further computational method development is needed to understanding their biological functions. Portland Press Ltd. 2018-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC5857907/ /pubmed/29439140 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170203 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Review Articles
Huiskonen, Juha T.
Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title_full Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title_fullStr Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title_full_unstemmed Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title_short Image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
title_sort image processing for cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of symmetry-mismatched complexes
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5857907/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439140
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170203
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