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A rADAR defense against RNAi

Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosines (A) to inosines (I) in stretches of dsRNA. The biological purpose of these editing events for the vast majority of ADAR substrates is largely unknown. In this issue of Genes & Development, Reich and colleagues (pp. 271–282) demonstr...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Pasquinelli, Amy E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5859962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29491134
http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.313049.118
Descripción
Sumario:Adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) convert adenosines (A) to inosines (I) in stretches of dsRNA. The biological purpose of these editing events for the vast majority of ADAR substrates is largely unknown. In this issue of Genes & Development, Reich and colleagues (pp. 271–282) demonstrate that in Caenorhabditis elegans, A-to-I editing in double-stranded regions of protein-coding transcripts protects these RNAs from targeting by the RNAi pathway. Disruption of this safeguard through loss of ADAR activity coupled with enhanced RNAi results in developmental abnormalities and profound changes in gene expression that suggest aberrant induction of an antiviral response. Thus, editing of cellular dsRNA by ADAR helps prevent host RNA silencing and inadvertent antiviral activity.