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The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion
In healthy individuals, any rise in blood glucose levels is rapidly countered by the release of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas which in turn promotes the uptake and storage of the glucose in peripheral tissues. The β-cells possess exquisite mechanisms regulating the secretion of insulin to...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Portland Press Ltd.
2018
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5861323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29459424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170989 |
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author | Dissanayake, Waruni C. Sorrenson, Brie Shepherd, Peter R. |
author_facet | Dissanayake, Waruni C. Sorrenson, Brie Shepherd, Peter R. |
author_sort | Dissanayake, Waruni C. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In healthy individuals, any rise in blood glucose levels is rapidly countered by the release of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas which in turn promotes the uptake and storage of the glucose in peripheral tissues. The β-cells possess exquisite mechanisms regulating the secretion of insulin to ensure that the correct amount of insulin is released. These mechanisms involve tight control of the movement of insulin containing secretory vesicles within the β-cells, initially preventing most vesicles being able to move to the plasma membrane. Elevated glucose levels trigger an influx of Ca(2+) that allows fusion of the small number of insulin containing vesicles that are pre-docked at the plasma membrane but glucose also stimulates processes that allow other insulin containing vesicles located further in the cell to move to and fuse with the plasma membrane. The mechanisms controlling these processes are complex and not fully understood but it is clear that the interaction of the β-cells with other β-cells in the islets is very important for their ability to develop the appropriate machinery for proper regulation of insulin secretion. Emerging evidence indicates one factor that is key for this is the formation of homotypic cadherin mediated adherens junctions between β-cells. Here, we review the evidence for this and discuss the mechanisms by which these adherens junctions might regulate insulin vesicle trafficking as well as the implications this has for understanding the dysregulation of insulin secretion seen in pathogenic states. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-5861323 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2018 |
publisher | Portland Press Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-58613232018-04-05 The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion Dissanayake, Waruni C. Sorrenson, Brie Shepherd, Peter R. Biosci Rep Review Articles In healthy individuals, any rise in blood glucose levels is rapidly countered by the release of insulin from the β-cells of the pancreas which in turn promotes the uptake and storage of the glucose in peripheral tissues. The β-cells possess exquisite mechanisms regulating the secretion of insulin to ensure that the correct amount of insulin is released. These mechanisms involve tight control of the movement of insulin containing secretory vesicles within the β-cells, initially preventing most vesicles being able to move to the plasma membrane. Elevated glucose levels trigger an influx of Ca(2+) that allows fusion of the small number of insulin containing vesicles that are pre-docked at the plasma membrane but glucose also stimulates processes that allow other insulin containing vesicles located further in the cell to move to and fuse with the plasma membrane. The mechanisms controlling these processes are complex and not fully understood but it is clear that the interaction of the β-cells with other β-cells in the islets is very important for their ability to develop the appropriate machinery for proper regulation of insulin secretion. Emerging evidence indicates one factor that is key for this is the formation of homotypic cadherin mediated adherens junctions between β-cells. Here, we review the evidence for this and discuss the mechanisms by which these adherens junctions might regulate insulin vesicle trafficking as well as the implications this has for understanding the dysregulation of insulin secretion seen in pathogenic states. Portland Press Ltd. 2018-03-21 /pmc/articles/PMC5861323/ /pubmed/29459424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170989 Text en © 2018 The Author(s). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Review Articles Dissanayake, Waruni C. Sorrenson, Brie Shepherd, Peter R. The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title | The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title_full | The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title_fullStr | The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title_short | The role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
title_sort | role of adherens junction proteins in the regulation of insulin secretion |
topic | Review Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5861323/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29459424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170989 |
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