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Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA

Some codons of the genetic code can be read not only by cognate, but also by near-cognate tRNAs. This flexibility is thought to be conferred mainly by a mismatch between the third base of the codon and the first of the anticodon (the so-called “wobble” position). However, this simplistic explanation...

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Autores principales: Blanchet, Sandra, Cornu, David, Hatin, Isabelle, Grosjean, Henri, Bertin, Pierre, Namy, Olivier
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: National Academy of Sciences 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5866558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29507244
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715578115
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author Blanchet, Sandra
Cornu, David
Hatin, Isabelle
Grosjean, Henri
Bertin, Pierre
Namy, Olivier
author_facet Blanchet, Sandra
Cornu, David
Hatin, Isabelle
Grosjean, Henri
Bertin, Pierre
Namy, Olivier
author_sort Blanchet, Sandra
collection PubMed
description Some codons of the genetic code can be read not only by cognate, but also by near-cognate tRNAs. This flexibility is thought to be conferred mainly by a mismatch between the third base of the codon and the first of the anticodon (the so-called “wobble” position). However, this simplistic explanation underestimates the importance of nucleotide modifications in the decoding process. Using a system in which only near-cognate tRNAs can decode a specific codon, we investigated the role of six modifications of the anticodon, or adjacent nucleotides, of the tRNAs specific for Tyr, Gln, Lys, Trp, Cys, and Arg in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Modifications almost systematically rendered these tRNAs able to act as near-cognate tRNAs at stop codons, even though they involve noncanonical base pairs, without markedly affecting their ability to decode cognate or near-cognate sense codons. These findings reveal an important effect of modifications to tRNA decoding with implications for understanding the flexibility of the genetic code.
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spelling pubmed-58665582018-03-29 Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA Blanchet, Sandra Cornu, David Hatin, Isabelle Grosjean, Henri Bertin, Pierre Namy, Olivier Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Some codons of the genetic code can be read not only by cognate, but also by near-cognate tRNAs. This flexibility is thought to be conferred mainly by a mismatch between the third base of the codon and the first of the anticodon (the so-called “wobble” position). However, this simplistic explanation underestimates the importance of nucleotide modifications in the decoding process. Using a system in which only near-cognate tRNAs can decode a specific codon, we investigated the role of six modifications of the anticodon, or adjacent nucleotides, of the tRNAs specific for Tyr, Gln, Lys, Trp, Cys, and Arg in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Modifications almost systematically rendered these tRNAs able to act as near-cognate tRNAs at stop codons, even though they involve noncanonical base pairs, without markedly affecting their ability to decode cognate or near-cognate sense codons. These findings reveal an important effect of modifications to tRNA decoding with implications for understanding the flexibility of the genetic code. National Academy of Sciences 2018-03-20 2018-03-05 /pmc/articles/PMC5866558/ /pubmed/29507244 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715578115 Text en Copyright © 2018 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Biological Sciences
Blanchet, Sandra
Cornu, David
Hatin, Isabelle
Grosjean, Henri
Bertin, Pierre
Namy, Olivier
Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title_full Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title_fullStr Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title_full_unstemmed Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title_short Deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate tRNA
title_sort deciphering the reading of the genetic code by near-cognate trna
topic Biological Sciences
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5866558/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29507244
http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1715578115
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